Chapter 13 Section 3 The Church.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 13 Section 3 The Church

The Church and the Middle Ages Middle Ages: The Church’s presence was felt EVERYWHERE throughout Europe. 1100s: Medieval Church was leading landowner Many church leaders = powerful feudal lords.

Church Hierarchy POPE Cardinals Archbishops Bishops Parish Priest

Church Hierarchy Pope: Supreme authority Cardinals: Advisors to the Pope Archbishops: In charge of an archdiocese and the bishops. Bishops: oversees a diocese. Administers two holy sacraments Confirmation and Holy orders Appoints Parish Priests

Seven Sacraments Parish Priest: responsible for religious instruction. 5 Sacraments performed by the local Priests. Baptism 4. Matrimony Holy communion 5. Penance Anointing the sick/dying

Monks and Nuns Saint Benedict: created rules for them to live by. Serve God through fasting, prayer and self-denial Communal living (no personal possessions) Helped the Poor Traveled as Missionaries

Church: Political Role Pope: Held political and spiritual power over the monarchies Canon Law: Church’s code of laws Interdict: Close churches in a region People denied eternal life Used against a disliked ruler

Church: Political Role Heretics: People who denied the teachings of the church Eternal damnation Tithe: Church tax 1/10 of a Christians income Made the church the wealthiest institution in Europe.

Problems with the Church Lay investiture: Nobles appointing a friend/relative to be a bishop. Simony: Buy high positions in the church hierarchy. Wanted to gain money

Attempts at Reform Church began to seek out heretics Known as the Inquisition Confess sins = perform penance Denied sins = punished/executed

The Rack The Coffin

The Pear of Anguish The Brank

The Chair

The Head Crusher

Ring around the Rosie Pockets full of Posies Ashes, Ashes We all fall down!

THE BLACK DEATH

THE BLACK DEATH Bubonic Plague Started in China (1331). Spread along trade routes to Europe Lasted from 1347-1351 Spread by BLACK RATS & FLEAS

SYMPTOMS Bubonic Plague: Pneumonic Plague: Buboes on the groin, armpits and neck Fevers, headaches, nausea, vomiting Eventually covered in dark blotches Pneumonic Plague: Fever, coughing up of blood, mucus and pus. Most died within 4-8 days of contracting disease.

Bubonic Plague

IMPACT OF BLACK DEATH Estimated 1/3 -1/2 Population dead 25-50 Million people People died so quickly, hard to keep records or bury. Shortage of workers: Demanded increase in wages. Lost faith in God and the Church God’s punishment for human wickedness No explanation or rational