LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS

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Presentation transcript:

LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS

LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS MIXTURE OF HYDROCARBONS COMMERCIAL PROPANE COMMERCIAL BUTANE MARKETED IN INDIA AS PER BIS 4576 : 1978 TEST METHODS STORAGE PRESSURE VESSEL REFRIGERATED VESSEL

LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS TYPICAL COMPOSITION MAINLY C3 & C4 MINOR TRACES OF C2 & C5 DEPENDS ON SOURCE REFINERY FRACTIONATORS SR GRADE APPROX. NIL UNSATURATED HYDROCARBONS NIL IMPURITIES

LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS COLOUR LIQUID PHASE VAPOUR PHASE ODOUR FAINT SMELL STENCHING DENSITY / SPECIFIC GRAVITY 1.5 - 2.0 TIMES HEAVY SETTLES AT LOWER LEVELS

LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS DENSITY / SP. GRAVITY LIQUID PHASE 0.525 TO 0.58 AT 15 DEGREE CENTIGRADE VAPOUR PRESSURE TWO PHASE EQUILIBRIUM 16.87 KGF / SQ. CM. AT 65 DEG. CENT. 120 PSI AT 100 DEGREE FOREN. VOLATILITY RAPID EVAPORATION - 1: 250

LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS COEFFICIENT OF VOL. EXPANSION 0.00237 PER DEGREE CENTIGRADE RISE 15-20 KGF / SQ.CM RISE IN PRESSURE PER DEG RISE IN TEMP. FILLING RATIO / ULLAGE FLAMMIBILITY LEL: 1.5 % ( ALL SAFETY EQUIPMENT LIKE GMS , EXPLOSIMETER ETC. ) HEL : 9%

LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS COMBUSTION INCREASES VOL. OF PRODUCT AS 50 TIMES AIR IS REQUIRED AND 3-4 TIMES OF OWN VOL. CO2 IS GENERATED APART FROM HEAT RESULTS IN ASPHYXIATION , REQUIRE VENTILATION C. V. : 10900 KCAL / KG. FLAME TEMP WITH AIR - 2000 DEG. CENT. WITH OXYGEN - 2800 DEG. CENT. IGNITION TEMP. AUTO IGNITION TEMP. - 410 - 580 DEG. CENT.

LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS BOILING POINT TEMP. AT WHICH VAP. PR. EQUALS ATM. PR. (-) 2 TO (-) 42 DEG. CENT. MELTING OR FREEZING POINT TEMP. AT WHICH SOLIDIFICATION OCCURS VERY LOW I.E. LESS THAN (-) 47 DEG. CENT. VISCOSITY VERY LOW IN COMPARISON WITH OTHER PETRO. PRODUCTS - 0.3 CS REQUIRES HIGH ITEGRITY OF STORAGE & HANDLING SYSTEM

LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS SOLUBILITY LESS SOLUBILITY IN WATER SOLUBLE IN ORGANIC SOLVENTS & ALCOHAL TOXICITY HIGH RELEASES DISPLACES OXYGEN RESULTS IN SUFFOCATION ACTS AS ANAESTHETIC CAUSTIC RESIDUE USED FOR TREATING HYDROGEN SULPHIDE IF REMAINS RESULTS IN CORROSION CAUSTIC PRESENCE SHOULD BE ELIMINATED

LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS EFFECT OF WATER CORROSION PARTIAL CLOSING OF VALVES EFFECT OF AIR POSSIBILITY OF FORMING EXPLOSIVE MIXTURE AUTO IGNITION PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN DURING COMMISSIONING RETARDS FILLING

LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS HEALTH HAZARD NON TOXIC ASPHYXIATION DUE TO LACK OF OXYGEN NARCOTIC EFFECT IF INHALED IN LARGE QTY FIRE HAZARD PRODUCT DISCHARGE STATIC ELECTRICITY PYROPHORIC IRON BLEVE UNCONFINED VAPOUR CLOUD EXPLOSION

INDUSTRIAL LPG APPLICATIONS AGRICULTURE: GRAIN DRYING, WEED KILLING, TEA/COFFEE/TOBACCO CURING AUTOMOBILIES: HEAT TREATMENT & PAINT BAKING CERAMIC : CALCINATION, GLOST FIRING, OF SSTONEWARE & PORCELAIN CHEMICALS / DRUGS: HEATING, DRYING, FEED STOCK IN PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRY ELECTRICAL : BULBS / TUBELIGHTS, FILAMENT ANNEALING

INDUSTRIAL LPG APPLICATIONS ENGINEERING: METAL MELTING, FORGING, ANNEALING, STRESS RELIEVING, PAINT BAKING, HEAT TREATMENT FOOD : BAKING, BOILING, FRYING, DRYING GLASS : MELTING, HOLDING, BLOWING, POLISHING, STRESS RELIEVING METALLURGICAL : ANNEALING, BILLET HEATING, MELING, DESCALING, STRESS RELIEVING, MOULD / CUPOLA/ LADLE PRE-HEATING

INDUSTRIAL LPG APPLICATIONS METAL WORKING : CUTTING, HOLD PIERCING, WELDING PACKAGING : SOLDERING TEXTILE : DRYING, SINGING, CALENDERING, STENTERING, PRINT DRYING, DYEING, VELVET PROCESSING MISC. AEROCOL - AS PROPELLANT, BITUMENT MELTING, OIL CLEANING

LPG INSTALLATION PLANNING STEP I : DECIDE WHETHER LPG IS RIGHT FUEL FACTOR : ECONOMICS AVAILABILITY APPLICATION SUITABLITY STEP II : DECIDE WHETHER PACKED OR BULK FACTOR : CONSUMPTION ECONOMICS APPLICATION SUITABILITY

LPG INSTALLATION PLANNING STEP III : SIZE OF INSTALLATION FACTORS: PEAK HOURLY RATE OF CONSUMPTION DAILY / MONTHLY CONSUMPTION DISTANCE FROM SUPPY POINT CYLINDER ROOM / BULK STORAGE

LPG INSTALLATION PLANNING STEP IV : PIPE LINE SIZE / ROUTE FACTORS : FLOW RATE PRESSURE DROPS BRANCHES / POINTS OF CONSUMPTION EASE OF REPAIRS / TROUBLE SHOOTING

LPG INSTALLATION PLANNING STEP V : CHOOSING PRESSURE REGULATORS FACTORS: PRESSURE NEEDED FOR BURNERS RATE OF CONSUMPTION DISTANCE FROM INSTALLATION TO CONSUMING POINT’

Thank you