Rhys Howell Group B 24th February 2005 Solar Projections Rhys Howell Group B 24th February 2005

The UK’s Solar Resource 900kwh/m²/year in Scotland In the SW over 1200kwh/m²/year 30 degree angle is best

Types of Solar Energy Solar Thermal Photovoltaic Passive Solar

Assumptions Average UK solar irradiation = 1000kwh/m²/year Solar thermal is 25% efficient (Luton) PV is 9% efficient (Southampton) Panels cost £1000/m²

Assumptions 22 000 000 houses ¼ suitable for solar panels 155 000 new homes each year Average Daily Hot Water (DHW) use is 170 litres Water enters at 10ºC and is drawn off at 55 ºC

Solar Thermal House requires 3.25 Mwh/year for heating water 5m² panel can provide 1.25 Mwh/year Solar fraction = 38% Installing 5m² panel on all new houses would cost £775 million Provide 0.05PJ/year for 25 years £576 million per PJ

Thermal Uptake Starting from 2006 every new house has solar thermal. 2010 = 0.25PJ 2015 = 0.50PJ 2020 = 0.75PJ 2030 = 1.25PJ Converting 3% of existing south facing houses each year would double these figures.

PV Panel output 2.5m²=225kwh/year 5m²= 450kwh/year 10m²=900kwh/year Installing 20m² on all new houses would: Provide 0.0775PJ a year for 25 years Cost £3.1 billion a year £1.6 billion per PJ

PV Uptake Starting from 2006 every new house has 20m² PV. 2010 = 0.3875PJ 2015 = 0.775PJ 2020 = 1.1625PJ 2030 = 1.9375PJ Converting 3% of existing south facing houses each year would double these figures.

Meeting the Renewables Obligation A 20m² PV panel on every new house would produce 0.279Twh/year If this was done for the 5 years 2006-2010 then 4% of the RO in 2010 could be generated at a cost of £12.4 billion

Workforce It takes 2 workers 2 days to retrofit solar panels 3% of houses represents 165 000 buildings. 900 houses every 2 days. 1800 workers

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