Judaism, Islam, Christianity, and the Crusades

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Judaism, Islam, Christianity, and the Crusades Unit 7 Vocab Judaism, Islam, Christianity, and the Crusades

Islam Religion started by the prophet Muhammad Claimed the angel Gabriel delivered a new message to him. He preached this message of “submission to god” = Islam Teachings recorded in the Qur’an (Islam’s holy book) Practice centers around the 5 Pillars of Islam: Belief Worship Fasting Alms (giving to the poor) Pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca

Islamic Empire The forces of the prophet Muhammad spread from the city of Medina to conquer the holy city of Mecca in 630 AD. Muslims (people who follow Islam) spread their power and trade rapidly through the Middle East, North Africa, Southern Europe, and Western Asia. Trade routes resulted in the growth of business and the spread of the teachings of Islam

Islamic Terms Allah = The God of Islam Muhammad = The last and greatest prophet of Islam Muslim = A person who believes in Allah and follows the teaching of Islam Hadith = teachings about the life of Muhammad Caliph = The title of the leaders who came after Muhammad

Sunni The larger of the two branches of Islam About 85% of Muslims They believe that the prophet Muhammad should have been replaced Abu Bakr (a friend of Muhammad) Believe the Hadith is valid from many sources

Shia The smaller of the two branches of Islam About 15% of Muslims They believe that the prophet Muhammad should have been replaced by Ali (a relative of Muhammad) Believe the Hadith is valid only as written by the Caliph Ali or his very close followers