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How did they made all this possible?

The Answer is MANAGEMENT

Management The Process of achieving organizational (or any) goals through involving in 4 major functions which are Planning- Organizing- leading and controlling

Planning

Planning Process of Setting Goals and deciding the best ways of achieving them.

Organizing

Toyota

Coca Cola

Microsoft

Sony

Organizing The process of allocating and arranging- Human and Non-Human resources so that plans can be carried out successfully. Through the organizing function of management, tasks are determined and the ways they will be performed and the allocation of all related resources takes place.

Leading

Akio Toyoda, the president of Toyota Bill Gates: Chairman, Microsoft Corp. Howard Stringer, CEO of Sony Corp Akio Toyoda, the president of Toyota  Roberto Goizueta CEO of the Coca-Cola Company Jorma Ollila President and CEO of Nokia

Leading The Process of influencing others to engage in the work behaviors necessary to reach organizational goals Leading includes communicating with others, developing relationships, motivating people and inspiring to achieve what is expected out from them.

Controlling

Controlling Process of regulating organizational activities so that the actual performance is achieved as per the organizational standards.

Management Leading Organizing Planning Controlling

WHAT MANAGERS ACTUALLY DO?

Mintzberg (1980) Unrelenting Pace- Managers drink coffees, attend meetings, formally or informally eat lunches, handling mails, supporting sub ordinates Variety and Fragmentation- Handling employee queries, employees issues, attending telephone calls, continual interruptions from subordinates and telephone calls, leaving meetings before they have finished etc. Verbal Contacts and Networks- contact building, managing relationships, communicating with sub ordinates, supervisors and organizational heads. ‘In short the research has found that managers get involved in a lot of activities.’

Based on the results, Mintzberg has divided these activities into ‘3-three’ categories and roles that managers perform:

Managerial Roles Interpersonal Informational Decisional

INTERPERSONAL ROLE Liaison role- Maintaining networks of contacts out of the department to gain information and support Leader role- building relationships with subordinates and motivating them Figureheads- performing duties related to legal requirements

INFORMATIONAL ROLE Monitor- Spokesperson- Convey organizational information to the outsiders Disseminator- Convey information internally that is collected from internal or external sources Monitor- Seeks internal and external information about the issues that could affect the business.

DECISIONAL ROLE Entrepreneurial Disturbance handler Resource allocator Negotiator

Now in order to perform all these roles in a better manner and as per the expectations of the company, a manager should be: Knowledgeable- Well Informed AND Must Possess Key Management Skills

Key Management Skills Technical Skills Human Skills Conceptual Skills

E.g.: electrician, engineering tasks Technical Skills Human Skills Knowledge and talents to perform specialist activities are called technical skills E.g.: electrician, engineering tasks Power and ability to work with people effectively and get things done responsively. Conceptual Skills Ability to visualize the entire situation or organization in order to develop a better plan

EFFICIENTLY Using resources wisely and in a cost-effective way EFFECTIVELY Making the right decisions and successfully implementing them

Levels of Management TOP MIDDLE FIRST LINE

The Entrepreneurial Role Promoting Innovation The Entrepreneurial Role Idea Champion Sponsor Orchestrator