ID: Analysis Phase : by the end of the session you should be able to Define performance analysis , needs assessments, and instructional goals Write an instructional goal that meet the criteria for initiating the design of effective instruction Evaluate instructional goal for congruence of learners characteristics Unint 2 , Session 1

Assessing Needs to Identify Instructional Goal(s) Chapter 2: Dick & Carey Unint 2 , Session 1

Background Needs Assessments = NAs Nas thought to be the most critical part of the I.D. process NAs used to identify instructional goals Unint 2 , Session 1

Needs Assessments (NAs) are used to identify instructional goals (review) Unint 2 , Session 1

NAs Another way of thinking about the first step in the instructional design process is to determine the current status quo of the learners involved and identify the goal to be reached by the learners. Unint 2 , Session 1

NAs are: Used to identify the nature of the organizational problem Used to solve an problem existing actuals optiomals feelings causes solutions Unint 2 , Session 1

Methods used to identify goals SME (Subject Matter Expert) PT (Performance Technology) Unint 2 , Session 1

SMEs 1. Teach how they were taught 2. Teach what they were taught 3. Try to improve on number 2 4. Tend to emphasize communication of information from trainer to student Unint 2 , Session 1

PTs Goals set in response to problems No preconceived notion of: what will be included in the instructional package what training is needed IDers works with those in charge of quality & productivity goals Unint 2 , Session 1

Instructional goals defined Defined as: What you want the learner to be able to do after training (instruction) Derived from: a needs assessment a list of goals practical experiences an analysis of someone doing the job (task analysis) Are rather broad indications of the problem to be solved A goal analysis is then used to find a more refined statement(s) that focus on what the learner will be able to do Unint 2 , Session 1

Instructional goals use action verbs “Will solve...” “Will blind rivet” “Will apply...” Unint 2 , Session 1

“Good”instructional goals Describe the problem precisely Determine how to solve it efficiently & effectively Save $$$$$$$$ when instruction is found not to be needed or is misplaced Unint 2 , Session 1

Examples of “Fuzzy” Instructional Goals Appreciating handmade furniture Sensing good paintings Being aware of how to make hot cakes Unint 2 , Session 1

How to Clarify a Fuzzy Goal 1. Write it down 2. Brainstorm to identify the behaviors learners would demonstrate to reflect their achievement of the goal 3. Select those behaviors that best represent the goal 4. Select indicators of the behavior 5. Incorporate each indicator into a statement that describes what the learner will do 6. Evaluate the resulting statement for its clarity and relationship to the original fuzzy notion Unint 2 , Session 1

Clarifying a Fuzzy Goal -- Example Original goal: Personnel will know the value of courteous, friendly service. Unint 2 , Session 1

Instructional goals are stated in terms of: Skills Knowledge Attitudes Unint 2 , Session 1

Clarifying a Fuzzy Goal (continued) Revised Version: Personnel will demonstrate courteous, friendly behavior while greeting customers, transacting business, and concluding transactions Unint 2 , Session 1

Clarifying a Fuzzy Goal (continued Final goal: Personnel will demonstrate courteous, friendly behavior while greeting customers, transacting business, and concluding transactions by initiating conversations, personalizing comments, focusing attention, assisting with forms, and concluding with a “thanks” and a wish for the customer’s well-being Unint 2 , Session 1

Summary Needs Assessments are used to determine instructional goals Using SMEs to develop goals may cause problems Most new goals are “fuzzy” Fuzzy goals can be rewritten Unint 2 , Session 1

ACTIVITY Working in a group of three discuss with your group how you conduct the analysis phase to state your project goal/goals? A sample of the groups discussion results will be presented to the class Unint 2 , Session 1