Skeletal System Skeletal Organs: Bones (made up of cells, protein fibre and minerals) Skeletal Tissue: Connective tissue Skeletal Cells: blood cells, fat cells, osteocytes Molecules: Calcium matrix

Skeletal System Skeletal System - Acts some major ways: Support and protection Movement Hematopoiesis Storage Growth and Development

Support and Protection Primary function is to protect body’s viatl organs i.e. skull protects the brain, ribcage protects the heart, spine protects the spinal cord. The appendicular skeleton provide support and flexibility to joints and anchor muscles for movement.

Movement The bones of the skeletal system act as attachement points. Two ways: pulling two or more bones closer or far apart Joints which pivot

Hematopoiesis Red bone marrow produces red and white blood cells in a process known as hematopoiesis. Red bone marrow is found in the hollow space inside of bones known as the medullary cavity. Children tend to have more red bone marrow compared to their body size than adults do, due to their body’s constant growth and development.

Storage -Storage of calcium ions (which are needed for muscular and nervous system fuction) Growth and Development can grow as the person gets older. At birth the person has over 300 bone and as they get older they have 206.

Skull - protects the brain Vertebrate - protects the spinal cord and provides structural support with minimal movement Cervical - Protects the neck and allows greater movement Thoracic - Protects the upper back and creats structural support Lumbar - Protects the lower back Sacrum - fused structural movement Coccyx Sternum and ribs - provide pretection for the vital chest organs i.e. heart and lungs - allows minimal movement

Shoulder/arms/hands Clavical holds the should to the vertebrate - Humerus - large structure of the upper arm allows hing movement of the elbow Ulna (pink side of lower arm) and Radius )thumb side of lower arm - allow for pronation of the lower arm and wrist Carples/Metacarples and phalanges - allow for dexteristy in the hands Pelvis- protects the vital reproductive and renal organs and acts as hing for the hip joint. Large amount of heamopoisis. Femur- large structure of the upper leg allows hing movement of the knee Fibula (outer side of lower leg) and Tibia(inside of lower leg- allow for pronation of the foot and ankle Tarsles/MetaTarsles and phalanges - allow for dexterity in the foot and toes

A healthy skeletal system therefore: Bones in tact (hard on the outside and haematopoisis on the inside) Joints can move in their normal space without pain and issues Allows for straight posture with no pain.