Nutrients.

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Presentation transcript:

Nutrients

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Nutrients are chemical elements found in food. Used by the body to perform many different body functions Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Essential Nutrients Carbohydrates – provide heat and energy; supply fiber for good digestion and elimination. Lipids (fats) – needed for growth and development, provide heat and energy, carry fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) to body cells. Proteins – build and repair body tissue, provide heat and energy, help antibodies Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Utilization of Nutrients Vitamins – regulate body functions, build repair body tissue. Minerals – regulate body functions, build and repair body tissue. Tables 10-2 and 10-3 in text list some of the important vitamins and minerals. Water – Carries nutrients and waste to and from body cells, regulates body function. Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Measuring food energy Foods vary in the amount of energy they contain. When the body metabolizes nutrients to produce energy, heat is released. The amount of heat produced during metabolism is the way the energy content of food is measured. Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Measuring food energy (cont.) This measurement is know as a kilocalorie or just a calorie. Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins provide 100% of the energy the body uses. Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 1 gm of carbohydrates produce 4 calories. 1 gm of proteins produce 4 calories. 1 gm of fats produce 9 calories. Carbohydrates produce energy the fastest, and fats the slowest. Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. An individuals caloric requirements is the number of calories needed in a 24 hour period. Based on activity, age, sex, size, physical condition, and climate. Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Physical activity or exercise is the main factor in determining caloric requirement. To gain wait: Decrease activity and increase calories. To lose weight: Increase activity and decrease calories. Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. A general guideline for weight loss or gain, is that 1lb (pound) equals approximately 3,500 calories. By decreasing 500 calories per day, the person would loose 1lb per week. 1 – 2 lbs of weight loss is a healthy and efficient form of weight control. Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.