Poetry Terms 8th Grade

Poetry Concise, rhythmic, and emotionally-charged language Ballad Haiku Limerick Lyric Narrative Ode

Imagery A word or phrase that appeals to the senses. I’d rather smell of musty green stench Than of sweet, fragrant lilac Elizabeth, I went ahead and made the changes 

Stanza Groups of lines that form units in a poem like paragraphs in a story

Repetition The recurrence of sounds, words, phrases, lines, or stanzas in a piece of writing Bavarian gentians, big and dark, only dark darkening the day-time, torch-like with the smoking blossoms of Pluto's gloom, ribbed and torch-like, with their blaze of darkness spread blue down flattening into points, flattened under the sweep of white day torch-flower of the blue-smoking darkness, Pluto's dark-blue daze, black lamps from the halls of Dis, burning dark blue, giving off darkness, blue darkness, as Demeter's pale lamps give off light, lead me then, lead the way.

Figurative Language Writing not meant to be taken literally Language used for descriptive effect, often to imply ideas indirectly Hyperbole Metaphor Simile Personification I rearranged the words for Monday. I have some good ideas for Valentine’s that will be fun and engaging to introduce figurative language!

Simile A figure of speech that makes direct comparison between two unlike objects, using like, as, or than. “Oreo: Milk’s favorite cookie” Opportunity knocked on the door.

Two Sunflowers Move in the Yellow Room. Personification A type of figurative language in which non-human things are given human characteristics. Two Sunflowers Move in the Yellow Room. "Ah, William, we're weary of weather," said the sunflowers, shining with dew. "Our traveling habits have tired us. Can you give us a room with a view?" They arranged themselves at the window and counted the steps of the sun, and they both took root in the carpet where the topaz tortoises run.

Metaphor A figure of speech in which something is described as though it were something else. (DOES NOT USE LIKE OR AS) The assignment was a breeze. America is a melting pot.

Hyperbole Exaggeration for effect “I’m starving!” My backpack weighs a ton.

The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe Refrain Word, phrase, line, or group of lines that is repeated The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe And the raven, never flitting, still is sitting, still is sitting On the pallid bust of Pallas just above my chamber door; And his eyes have all the seeming of a demon's that is dreaming, And the lamp-light o'er him streaming throws his shadow on the floor; And my soul from out that shadow that lies floating on the floor Shall be lifted nevermore. “Nevermore” and “Nothing more” are repeated throughout this poem

Meter Rhythmical pattern (Rhythm)- number of stresses or beats in a line

Rhyme Repetition of sounds in words that appear close to one another After School Lie beneath a spreading tree With golden flowers in the sun. Count to five on all the petals, Never think of five plus one. Watch the building-crammed horizon, Sky no longer meeting ground. Watch the golden flowers wither Watch the golden dreams fall down.

Rhyme scheme Regular pattern of rhyming words in a poem Celery By Ogden Nash   Celery, raw Develops the jaw, But celery, stewed, Is more quietly chewed.

Slant Rhyme Occurs when words include sounds that are similar but not identical It usually involves the repetition of consonant sounds or the repetition of vowel sounds. “when he passes, winding Among them from behind”

“The Road Not Taken” by Robert Frost Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveler, long I stood And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent in the undergrowth; Then took the other, as just as fair And having perhaps the better claim, Because it was grassy and wanted wear; Though as for that, the passing there Had worn them really about the same,

Excerpt from Macbeth by William Shakespeare Blank Verse Poetry written in unrhymed iambic pentameter lines           Excerpt from Macbeth by William Shakespeare Tomorrow, and tomorrow, and tomorrow, Creeps in this petty pace from day to day, To the last syllable of recorded time; And all our yesterdays have lighted fools The way to dusty death. Out, out, brief candle! Life's but a walking shadow, a poor player That struts and frets his hour upon the stage And then is heard no more: it is a tale Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, Signifying nothing.

Concrete verse Has a shape that suggests its subject Spirits falling in puddles of grief, disappointment drowning hope, tissues soaked in sadness, umbrellas raised in futile defense, ears closed to the rain song. Eyes swollen, moist and red, fingers gripping an offered hand, feet unable to move, flowers surround, unseen by one who is unaware of the rain song. Music, soft, sweet, and low, prayers mumbled respectfully, love shared with family and friends. Memories linger, vibrant and warm as hearts beat in time with the rain song. Emptiness, loneliness yet to come, fears for tomorrow, tears for today, self-pity and doubt, anger and pain haunting and howling about in the wind unable to song      hide             rain    from           the           

Couplet Two consecutive lines of poetry that rhyme “Casey at the Bat” The sneer has fled from Casey's lip, the teeth are clenched in hate; He pounds with cruel violence his bat upon the plate. And now the pitcher holds the ball, and now he lets it go, And now the air is shattered by the force of Casey's blow.

The Iliad and The Odyssey Epic poem A long narrative poem that relates the deeds of a hero Beowulf The Iliad and The Odyssey

Free verse Poetry that has no regular meter Mirror, Mirror My game face is blue. I must put it back on, see How much of my glory was real And how much fever. I see drawn eyes, too much marring, A suit of swan feathers Without the matching shape. And however I imagine lights, No straw spins to gold. I see as I have been seen, Not radiant, but ashine in hope Yet to see a finish.

Sonnet A 14-line poem usually written in rhymed iambic pentameter Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate. Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer's lease hath all too short a date. Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimm'd; And every fair from fair sometime declines, By chance or nature's changing course untrimm'd; But thy eternal summer shall not fade Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st; Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st: So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.

Onomatopoeia The use of words or phrases that sound like what they name. SOUND WORDS MEOW BANG POW RIBBIT

Alliteration Repetition of initial consonant sounds. How thin and sharp and ghostly white Is the slim curved crook of the moon tonight

The Mermaid by Unknown author Ballad A story told in verse. These are usually handed down by word of mouth. The Mermaid by Unknown author Oh the ocean waves may roll, And the stormy winds may blow, While we poor sailors go skipping aloft And the land lubbers lay down below, below, below And the land lubbers lay down below.

And find myself blistering Haiku A 3-line Japanese verse Lines 1 and 3 have 5 syllables Line 2 has 7 syllables They usually express a single vivid image about nature I walk across sand And find myself blistering In the hot, hot heat

Limerick A light, usually humorous poem with a regular rhythm pattern and rhyme scheme of AABBA There was a young fellow from Clyde Who once at a funeral was spied. When asked who was dead, He smilingly said, “I don’t know. I just came for the ride.”

“Sittin’ on the Dock of the Bay” Lyric Poem Highly-musical verse that expresses the observations and feelings of a single speaker. “Sittin’ on the Dock of the Bay” “Mother to Son”

Narrative Poem Tells a story A story told in verse “Casey at the Bat” “Paul Revere’s Ride”

Ode A lyric poem that expresses a noble feeling with dignity “Ode on a Grecian Urn” THOU still unravish'd bride of quietness,    Thou foster-child of Silence and slow Time,  Sylvan historian, who canst thus express    A flowery tale more sweetly than our rhyme:  What leaf-fringed legend haunts about thy shape           Of deities or mortals, or of both,      In Tempe or the dales of Arcady?    What men or gods are these? What maidens loth?  What mad pursuit? What struggle to escape?      What pipes and timbrels? What wild ecstasy?