Present Passive Infinitives Feb. 2-11, 2015 Lesson 34 Present Passive Infinitives Feb. 2-11, 2015

All About Infinitives Infinitives are verb forms that are translated with the word “to….”

All About Infinitives There are 3 tenses of infinitives: present, perfect, and future. Each tense has 2 voices: active and passive.

Present Active Infinitive You learned the present active infinitive in Latin I. The present active infinitive is the 2nd principal part of the verb…the one that ends in –re. It’s translated “to (verb).”

Present Active Infinitive amo, amare, amavi, amatus doceo, docere, docui, doctus mitto, mittere, misi, missus capio, capere, cepi, captus audio, audire, audivi, auditus To love To teach To send To capture To hear

Present Passive Infinitives Now it’s time to learn the present passive infinitive. It’s easy! Just change the final –e to an –i. The English translation is to be verbed: portari: to be carried doceri: to be taught muniri: to be fortified

Present Passive Infinitives The only verbs that DO NOT follow that simple rule are 3rd and 3rd –io conjugation. Remember that they always cause trouble and do things a little differently… These are the –o (-io)/–ere verbs, like these: pono, ponere capio, capere duco, ducere

Present Passive Infinitives Instead of changing the –re to –ri, 3rd /3rd –io conjugation verbs go nuts and chop off their ENTIRE -ere, then replace it with just an –i! ducere: to lead capere: to take duci: to be led capi: to be taken ponere: to place poni: to be placed

Present Passive Infinitive amo, amare, amavi, amatus doceo, docere, docui, doctus mitto, mittere, misi, missus capio, capere, cepi, captus audio, audire, audivi, auditus AMARI: to be loved DOCERI: to be taught MITTI: to be sent CAPI: to be captured AUDIRI: to be heard

What an Infinitive Chart Looks Like: ACTIVE Present amare to love Perfect amavisse to have loved Future amaturus esse to be about to love PASSIVE amari to be loved amatus esse to have been loved amatum iri to be about to be loved

Present Active Infinitive Translation Present Passive Infinitive convocare liberare augēre merēre iubēre scribere trahere afficere cupere audire

Present Active Infinitive Translation Present Passive Infinitive convocare to call together convocari to be called together liberare to set free liberari to be set free augere to increase augeri to be increased merere to deserve/earn mereri to be deserved iubere to order iuberi to be ordered scribere to write scribi to be written trahere to drag trahi to be dragged afficere to affect/afflict affici to be affected cupere to desire/wish cupi to be desired audire to hear audiri to be heard