Chapter Two In Dragonfly Book

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter Two In Dragonfly Book Matter Chapter Two In Dragonfly Book

What is the basic building block of all matter? The atom

Atoms consist of what three subatomic particles? _______- located ______ the nucleus, with a _______ charge. ________- located _____ the nucleus, with ___ charge (neutral) ________- move around the outside of the nucleus, with a ________ charge. Protons inside positive Neutrons inside no Electrons negative

What is the atomic number? The number of _______ in one atom of that element. Located on the Periodic Table. Ex- Hydrogen: ____ Ex- Oxygen: ____ Ex-Helium: ____ protons 1 8 2

What is the atomic mass? The number of _______ + ________ in one atom of that element. Located on the Periodic Table. protons neutrons

Atomic Mass – Atomic Number = the number of neutrons How do you use the Periodic Table to determine the number of neutrons for an element? Easy….just _______!! Atomic Mass – Atomic Number = the number of neutrons Ex- Fluorine has an atomic number of 9. It has an atomic mass of 19. So, it has 19 – 9 = ____ neutrons. It has ___ protons (so it must also have ___ electrons). subtract 10 9 9

Use the periodic table provided to complete this chart on your notes. Element Number of Protons Number of Neutrons Number of Electrons Hydrogen Nitrogen Phosporus

What is an energy level? Regions of space around the atom nucleus that hold the _________. Also called _______. 1st energy level holds ___ electrons 2nd energy level holds ___ electrons 3rd energy level holds ___ electrons electrons orbitals 2 8 18

What are valence electrons? The electrons found on the __________ shell. The atom is “happy” (stable) when its valence shell is ____ (2, 8, or 8/18) outermost full

What happens when an atom is NOT “happy”? It will form a ____ with another atom that is not happy! Covalent bonds: 2 or more atoms _____ electrons Ionic bonds: 1 atom _______ electrons to another atom bond share transfer