1. Created by: Mrs. Susan Dube
Structure of Atoms
Created by: Mrs. Susan Dube

2. Matter and atoms (copy into notes)
All matter is made up of atoms
Atoms are the smallest forms of elements
Three types of particles make up atoms

3. Structure of atoms (Copy into notes)
Atoms are composed of three types of particles
Protons – positively charged particles found in the nucleus
Neutrons – uncharged particles found in the nucleus
Electrons – negatively charged particles that move around the outside of the nucleus
Quarks – particles that make up protons and neutrons

4. Nucleus (Copy into notes)
Center of the atom that holds the protons and neutrons together

5. Protons -Atomic Number (Copy into notes)
Atomic number is the number of protons in
the nucleus
It’s like the fingerprint of the element
No two elements have the same atomic number

6. Neutrons Neutral particles; have no electric charge
Help make up the nucleus of the atom
Contribute to the atomic mass
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7. Quarks
Quarks are the tiniest subatomic particles that make up protons and neutrons
There are three quarks in every proton and three quarks in every neutron
There are six different kinds of quarks
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8. Atomic mass number (Copy into notes)
Atomic mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons found in the nucleus

9. Calculating neutrons (Copy into notes)
To calculate the number of neutrons in an atom, you subtract the atomic number (which is the number of protons) from the atomic mass (copy into notes)
Ex. Oxygen
Atomic mass:
Atomic number:
Number of neutrons:
Therefore, Oxygen has 8 neutrons

10. What about electrons? (Copy into notes)
Electrons are negatively charged particles
An element must have a neutral charge in order to be stable
Therefore, the number of electrons (negatively charged particles) is the same as the number of protons (positively charged particles)