May 2009 Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [Power and Spectrum Efficient PHY Proposal for 802.15.4g] Date Submitted: [ 01 May, 2009] Source: [Khanh Tuan Le] Company [Texas Instruments] [Per Torstein Roine] Company [Texas Instruments] Address [Gaustadalleen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway] Voice: [+47 22958535], E-Mail:[k.t.le@ti.com] Re: [] Abstract: [Power and spectrum efficient PHY proposal based on GFSK for 802.15.4g. Definition of multiple channels to support FHSS and Adaptive Frequency Agility.] Purpose: [Technical proposal. Presented to the 802.15.4g SUN Task Group for consideration.] Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15. Khanh Tuan Le (TI)

Power and Spectrum Efficient PHY Proposal for 802.15.4g May 2009 Power and Spectrum Efficient PHY Proposal for 802.15.4g IEEE 802 Interim Meeting 12th May 2009, Montreal Khanh Tuan Le Khanh Tuan Le (TI)

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> May 2009 Introduction This proposal is based upon the preliminary proposal as submitted in the document IEEE 802.15-09-0135-01-004g “Preliminary Proposal for a Multi-Regional Sub-GHz PHY for 802.15.4g” Focus on user requirements, available frequency spectrum and applicable regulations for systems operating in the license exempt frequency bands Khanh Tuan Le (TI) <author>, <company>

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> May 2009 Proposal Structure Common Baseline Modulation Format, Channel Spacing and Data Rates Forward Error Correction (FEC), Data Whitening and Packet Format Regional Regulations and Channelization Khanh Tuan Le (TI) <author>, <company>

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> May 2009 Technical Baseline Modulation Format Channel Spacing Data Rates Data rates: 100 kbps (default): 2-GFSK, BT=0.5, modulation index 0.9 50 kbps : 2-GFSK, BT=0.5, modulation index TBD 200 kbps: 4-GFSK, BT=0.5, modulation index 0.3 Channel Separation: 250 kHz Multiple channels Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) Adaptive Frequency Agility (AFA) with Listen Before Talk (LBT) Flexible trade-off between communication range and data rate Khanh Tuan Le (TI) <author>, <company>

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> May 2009 Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying (GFSK) Modulation Format Channel Spacing Data Rates Constant amplitude modulation FSK family Use of power efficient transmitter architectures and circuitry Gaussian shaping improves spectral efficiency. GFSK can be efficiently implemented on silicon radios and is widely used today 2-GFSK (1 bit/symbol) / 4-GFSK (2 bit/symbol) Khanh Tuan Le (TI) <author>, <company>

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> May 2009 Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) Modulation Format Channel Spacing Data Rates Well known and proven technique Required by some regional regulations (e.g. in the USA) for high transmit power levels Widely used in the USA Limited use in Europe because frequency hopping does not enable higher transmit power. Duty cycle or LBT also apply for FH systems. Can be used for co-existence of multiple networks Can enable high aggregate throughput Inherent frequency diversity mechanism Required performance to facilitate frequency hopping is efficiently supported by semiconductor radio devices today Khanh Tuan Le (TI) <author>, <company>

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> May 2009 Simple Low Overhead FEC FEC Packet Format Whitening As support for very long packets is mandatory, a simple low-overhead FEC should be defined for optional use to improve the packet error rate Proposal: (128,120,4) extended Hamming code SECDED: Corrects single bit, detect double bit errors Double bit error detection does not improve PER, but is useful for early receive termination when packet is corrupted Can also be viewed and implemented as (127,120,3) BCH, extended by an extra parity bit Generator polynomials: x7+x3+1 (BCH) and x+1 (extra parity) After 15 octets of PHY data, one octet containing parity check bits (PCB) is inserted Khanh Tuan Le (TI) <author>, <company>

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> May 2009 Packet Format FEC Packet Format Whitening Khanh Tuan Le (TI) <author>, <company>

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> May 2009 Data Whitening (Optional) FEC Packet Format Whitening Whitening is done after FEC octet insertion Same LFSR polynomial is used for whitening all the time The whitening LFSR is initialized to an unique value based on the channel number (and data rate) used for the packet This would enable retransmissions on the following channels to use different whitening for protection from packet data with poor whitening performance Data whitening should be optional Khanh Tuan Le (TI) <author>, <company>

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> May 2009 Background Modulation Format Channel Spacing Data Rates Focus on low system power consumption Low power reception and listening High transmit power efficiency Battery operation possible (low average and peak current) Spectral (and spectrum) efficiency increasingly more important Larger and more advanced networks require higher (peak) and scalable data rates Proven technology Reliable networks using FSK and GFSK today Multi channel support Semiconductor technology requirements Power optimized and cost efficient system solutions Flexibility Khanh Tuan Le (TI) <author>, <company>

Transmitter Architectures Modulation Format Channel Spacing Data Rates May 2009 Transmitter Architectures Modulation Format Channel Spacing Data Rates Khanh Tuan Le (TI)

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> May 2009 863-870 MHz ISM Band in Europe Regional Regulations Channelization 863-870 MHz ERC/REC 70-03 (Feb-2009) Khanh Tuan Le (TI) <author>, <company>

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> May 2009 Channel Plan Regional Regulations Channelization 863-870 MHz Frequency Band: 863-870 MHz Frequency sub-bands and allowed max output power: 868.00-868.60 MHz (600 kHz): 25 mW / +14 dBm 868.70-869.20 MHz (500 kHz): 25 mW / +14 dBm 869.40-869.65 MHz (250 kHz): 500 mW / +27 dBm Sub-band channel separation: 250 kHz Number of channels: 5 Channel center frequencies: 868.175 MHz and 868.425 MHz 868.825 MHz and 869.075 MHz 869.525 MHz Enable Adaptive Frequency Agility (AFA) with Listen-Before-Talk (LBT) Khanh Tuan Le (TI) <author>, <company>

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> May 2009 Channel Plan Illustration Regional Regulations Channelization 863-870 MHz Center Freq Max Output Power 868.175 MHz 25 mW (+14 dBm) 868.425 MHz 868.825 MHz 869.075 MHz 869.525 MHz 500 mW (+27 dBm) Khanh Tuan Le (TI) <author>, <company>

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> May 2009 Transmitter Requirements Regional Regulations Channelization 863-870 MHz Absolute minimum requirements regulated by the EN 300 220* standard Maximum output power Transient power Adjacent Channel Power (ACP) Spurious Emissions Application requirements Minimum output power at maximum setting IEEE 802.15.4-2006: ”... capable of transmitting at least –3 dBm” * Draft ETSI EN 300 220-1 V2.3.1 (2009-04) Khanh Tuan Le (TI) <author>, <company>

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> May 2009 Receiver Requirements Regional Regulations Channelization 863-870 MHz Absolute minimum requirements regulated by the EN 300 220 standard Receiver Category 2 Sensitivity Maximum usable sensitivity Adjacent Channel Selectivity Not specified by EN 300 220 for Category 2 receivers Blocking or desensitization Saturation Intermodulation rejection Application requirements IEEE 802.15.4-2006: -92/-85 dBm or better Khanh Tuan Le (TI) <author>, <company>

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> May 2009 902-928 MHz ISM Band in The USA Regional Regulations Channelization 902-928 MHz Frequency band: 902-928 MHz FCC Part 15.247 Utilization of the whole 26 MHz band Max output power: 1 W (+30 dBm) or 500 mW (+27 dBm) Dynamic power control Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) Khanh Tuan Le (TI) <author>, <company>

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> May 2009 902-928 MHz ISM Band in The USA Regional Regulations Channelization 902-928 MHz # Channels Channel Spacing [kHz] Modulation Data Rate [kbps] Max Output Power [dBm] 100 (2 x 50) 250 2-GFSK 50 +30 100 4-GFSK 200 Can facilitate max +30 dBm output power if needed. Multiple sets of (offset) channels could be defined to support at least two networks in the same area The main coexistence mechanism would still be the use of different hopping sequences Although networks share the same frequency range, coexistence is improved by good far-away selectivity, as the networks have a high probability of large frequency spacing at any given moment in time Multipath fading mitigation and coexistence with other networks are maximized utilizing the entire frequency band Khanh Tuan Le (TI) <author>, <company>

Regional Regulations Channelization 902-928 MHz May 2009 Channel Plan for 902-928 MHz Regional Regulations Channelization 902-928 MHz Guard band (500 kHz) on each side Multiple co-existing networks possible Khanh Tuan Le (TI)

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> May 2009 Co-existence of Multiple FH Networks Regional Regulations Channelization 902-928 MHz Khanh Tuan Le (TI) <author>, <company>

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> May 2009 470-510 MHz ISM Band in China Regional Regulations Channelization 470-510 MHz This proposal is presented as a possible technical solution. The suitability of this frequency band for SUN applications needs to be confirmed and aligned with the appropriate Chinese standardization bodies. The Chinese Short Range Device Regulations Frequency band: 470-510 MHz Utilization of the whole 40 MHz band Max output power: 50 mW (+17 dBm) Dynamic power control Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) Khanh Tuan Le (TI) <author>, <company>

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> May 2009 470-510 MHz ISM Band in China Regional Regulations Channelization 470-510 MHz # Channels Channel Spacing [kHz] Modulation Data Rate [kbps] Max Output Power [dBm] 150 (3 x 50) 250 2-GFSK 50 +17 100 4-GFSK 200 Multiple sets of (offset) channels could be defined to support several co-existing networks in the same area The main coexistence mechanism would still be the use of different hopping sequences Although networks share the same frequency range, coexistence is improved by good far-away selectivity, as the networks have a high probability of large frequency spacing at any given moment in time Multipath fading mitigation and coexistence with other networks are maximized utilizing the entire frequency band Khanh Tuan Le (TI) <author>, <company>

Regional Regulations Channelization 470-510 MHz May 2009 Channel Plan for 470-510 MHz Regional Regulations Channelization 470-510 MHz Guard band (1.25 MHz) on each side Multiple co-existing networks possible Khanh Tuan Le (TI)

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> May 2009 2.4 GHz ISM Band Regional Regulations Channelization 2.4 GHz The proposed technical baseline can also be used at the 2.4 GHz ISM band More channels available Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) Max output power regulated by regional regulatory requirements Relative low data rate might be preferred to maximize achievable range Khanh Tuan Le (TI) <author>, <company>

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> May 2009 Thank you! Khanh Tuan Le (TI) <author>, <company>