Key Period 1: Comparison Graphic Organizer Kevin Tran Period 5

KEY CONCEPT 1.1.I: Compare how native societies adapted to and transformed their environments through innovations in agriculture, resource use, and social structure. Southwest Great Plains/Great Basin Sedentary due to the spread of cultivation of Maize from Mesoamerica. Led to population growth that resulted to an increase in diverse societies. Mainly used Maize as a food resource, traded it with Plains/Basin hunters as well. Promoted economic development. Most notable tribe: the Pueblo. Had an irrigation system (for plumbing and agriculture), and built permanent homes. These innovations reflect the tribes advanced knowledge on the concepts of mathematics and physics. Also famous for their victory in the Pueblo Revolt, as it was the most successful Native American rebellion against the Europeans in North America. Arid landscape led to hunter-gather/semi nomadic lifestyle. Introduction of horses and guns from Europe allowed them to hunt buffalo more efficiently. Notable tribe: the Sioux. Were the most dominant force in the Great Plains region do to their excellent skill on horseback. Proved a threat to settlers, as they were often better at horseback riding and gunfighting then them. Large mountains acted as a geographic barrier for tribes in the Great Basin, allowing protection from settlers, and also allowing for a strong and flourishing culture.

Continued. Northeast/Atlantic Seaboard Pacific Northwest Sedentary, utilized fishing and agriculture. Promoted the development of permanent villages. Used waterways to trade. Established the Iroquois Confederacy, a military alliance between neighboring tribes for protection. Eventually became the strongest force in the region. Settlers would ask for advice and their permission for 300 years. Some tribes were experts at mound building. The tribe’s ability to build these large and complex earthen mounds shows they had a high level of knowledge towards mathematics and physics as well. Sedentary, fished in the Pacific Ocean, and farmed as well. Used canoes in river and pacific trade networks. Developed Intricate cultures. Notable Tribe: Chinook. Built totems that represented a social hierarchy, the strongest figures were carved at the top, while the weakest were at the bottom. Leaders would often hold a potlach to gain the tribe’s respect and loyalty.