Today’s Standard SSUSH 13 Identify major efforts to reform American society and politics in the Progressive Era.

The Origins of Progressivism Improving America 1890 - 1910

The Progressive Era Begins 1 )The 2nd Industrial Revolution changed the country New problems Labor Politics Business Reform was needed A) Fair business practices and better working conditions B) Cleaner cities

Exposing Corruption A time of great discovery and revelation 2) muckrakers The first investigative reporters Exposed corruption in business and politics 3) Ida Tarbell Tarbell exposed corruption in the Standard Oil Company Trust

Exposing Unclean Meat and Food 4) The Jungle Published in 1906 Upton Sinclair The original purpose was to focus on working conditions The real story turned out to be the unsanitary conditions of the meat Led to major reforms in meat inspection and eventually all food…

Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle

Taking Care of the Needy The poor were often neglected before the Progressive Era Reformers stepped up 5) Jane Addams Created settlement houses for the poor and unfortunate They could receive education and training The Hull House

Reform in the Workplace 1) Women were a major part of the workforce in the early 1900s Treated unequally Penalized and fired for trying to get better pay and treatment 2) 2 million children worked in factories; 16 hour days Safety was also an issue 1911 Triangle Shirtwaist Fire 148 workers, mostly women, died This set off a number of work place reforms

Reform in the Workplace All these terrible conditions led to eventual workplace reforms 4) A) Strict safety and fire codes would be a part of workplaces. B) By 1912, 39 states had child labor laws C) Minimum wages would begin to be set in states.

City Reform Before the Progressive Era, cities were dirty and unclean 1) Tuberculosis and other diseases were rampant City housing lacked needs such as a good electricity, water, and fresh air. Reformers spoke out 2) Tenement Act – 1901 Apartments had to be built in places with open air 3) 1908 – the first playgrounds are built in Massachusetts 4) zoning, parks, and sanitation soon became a part of cities

Government Reforms 1) Initiative – citizens can propose ideas for state laws Referendum – citizens can vote to accept or reject laws Recall – citizens can remove a public official they are dissatisfied with 2003 – California Governor Gray Davis was recalled Arnold Scharzenegger 17th Amendment - direct election of US Senators

2003 California Recall Election

Federal Reforms 1) Theodore Roosevelt (TR) 26th President of the U.S. The ultimate progressive leader 2) Regulated big business and unfair practices “trustbusting” – to keep American business fair 3) Meat Inspection Act – required federal inspection of meat – 1906

Roosevelt’s Legacy 4) Roosevelt is most well-known for his work in the conservation movement He took millions of acres of American land and prohibited its sale It would be used for national parks National Park Service – 1916 Supervises and monitors national parks to be enjoyed by Americans today

Free-Write Consider all the reforms we talked about today. Which one do you believe was most important? Why? 5-7 sentences Use examples from your study guide

Study Guides So Far 01) The Age of Invention 02) The Rise of Big Business 03) Labor Unions 04) Immigration 05) The War In The West 06) The Progressive Era