A vs. anA vs. an 11-2 Count and noncount nounsCount and noncount nouns 11-3 Noncount nounsNoncount nouns 11-4 More noncount nounsMore noncount nouns 11-5 Using several, a lot of, many/much, and...Using several, a lot of, many/much, and Nouns that be count or noncountNouns that be count or noncount 11-7 Using units of measure with noncount nounsUsing units of measure with noncount nouns 11-8 Guidelines for article usageGuidelines for article usage 11-9 Using the or Ø with namesUsing the or Ø with names CapitalizationCapitalization CONTENTS

A vs. AN She is wearing a bracelet.

A vs. AN (a) She lives in a cabin. (b) He lives in an apartment. (c) She lives in a large cabin. (d) He lives in an old apartment. a an = one a consonants an vowels

A vs. AN (e) I had an uncle named Spiros. (f) They have an ugly car. (g) The inch is a unit of measure. (h) He saw a unique building. For words beginning with the letter u: a consonant sound an vowel sound

A vs. AN (i) I will see you in an hour. (j) This is a happy day. For words beginning with the letter h: a pronounced h an silent h

LETS PRACTICE a an ___ ear. An ___ large ear. A ___ enormous ear. An ___ useful ear. A

LETS PRACTICE a an ___ holiday. A ___ universal holiday. A ___ unique holiday. A ___ unhappy situation. An

LETS PRACTICE a an ___ honest mistake. An ___ hateful comment. A ___ hour of exercise. An ___ unhappy experience. An

COUNT AND NONCOUNT NOUNS Yes. Lets buy a table and four chairs. Should we buy some furniture?

COUNT AND NONCOUNT NOUNS COUNT NOUN SINGULAR PLURAL a table Ø tables one table five tables some tables can be counted can be preceded by a/an has a plural form (-s or -es)

COUNT AND NONCOUNT NOUNS NONCOUNT NOUN SINGULAR PLURAL Ø furniture Ø some furniture Ø one furniture a furniture furnitures cannot be counted is not preceded by a/an does not have a plural form

LETS PRACTICE We love to see movies. count ? ?N OUN noncount

LETS PRACTICE I need some new jewelry. count ? ?N OUN noncount

LETS PRACTICE Which utensil do you want? count ? ?N OUN noncount

NONCOUNT NOUNS The river is so beautiful. All the scenery is beautiful.

NONCOUNT NOUNS mail letters postcards bills advertisements etc. INDIVIDUAL PARTS = THE WHOLE (Count Nouns) (Noncount Nouns) (a)

NONCOUNT NOUNS fruit grapes bananas apples oranges etc. (b) INDIVIDUAL PARTS = THE WHOLE (Count Nouns) (Noncount Nouns)

NONCOUNT NOUNS jewelry necklaces rings bracelets pins etc. (c) INDIVIDUAL PARTS = THE WHOLE (Count Nouns) (Noncount Nouns)

LETS PRACTICE -s -es / We have really old furniture__. /

LETS PRACTICE -s -es / She loves these pearl earring__.s

LETS PRACTICE I keep all the information__ on my PDA. / -s -es /

MORE NONCOUNT NOUNS The oil refinery creates lots of air pollution.

MORE NONCOUNT NOUNS (a) LIQUIDS soda juice oil lemonade

MORE NONCOUNT NOUNS (a) LIQUIDS soda juice oil lemonade SOLIDS & SEMI-SOLIDS copper cement silver gold

MORE NONCOUNT NOUNS (a) LIQUIDS soda juice oil lemonade SOLIDS & SEMI-SOLIDS GASES helium smokeoxygen copper cement silver gold

MORE NONCOUNT NOUNS (b) THINGS THAT OCCUR IN NATURE moonlight sleet fog (c) ABSTRACTIONS joy enthusiasm danger

LETS PRACTICE Health __ and happiness __ often go together. / / -s -es /

LETS PRACTICE -s -es / Ginny has all the luck__. Thing__ always go well for her. / s

LETS PRACTICE -s -es / The project is going well. We have made a lot of progress __. Having patience __ has paid off. / /

USING SEVERAL, A LOT OF, MANY / MUCH, AND A FEW / A LITTLE We have new furniture. We have a table and many chairs.

31 several count nouns COUNT NONCOUNT (a) several applesØ 11-5 USING SEVERAL, A LOT OF, MANY / MUCH, AND A FEW / A LITTLE

32 COUNT NONCOUNT (a) several apples (b) a lot of apples Ø a lot of fruit a lot count/noncount 11-5 USING SEVERAL, A LOT OF, MANY / MUCH, AND A FEW / A LITTLE

33 COUNT NONCOUNT (a) several apples (b) a lot of apples (c) many apples Ø a lot of fruit much fruit many count much noncount 11-5 USING SEVERAL, A LOT OF, MANY / MUCH, AND A FEW / A LITTLE

34 COUNT NONCOUNT (a) several apples (b) a lot of apples (c) many apples (d) a few apples Ø a lot of fruit much fruit a little fruit a few counta little noncount 11-5 USING SEVERAL, A LOT OF, MANY / MUCH, AND A FEW / A LITTLE

LETS PRACTICE CORRECT INCORRECT I hope to get several jewelries for my birthday. INCORRECT I hope to get some jewelry for my birthday. CORRECT

LETS PRACTICE CORRECT INCORRECT We need many furnitures for our new house. INCORRECT We need a lot of furniture for our new house. CORRECT That store has a few couches that I like. CORRECT

NOUNS THAT CAN BE COUNT OR NONCOUNT He did a lot of work today.

NOUNS THAT CAN BE COUNT OR NONCOUNT USED AS A NONCOUNT NOUN (a) The jar is made of glass. USED AS A COUNT NOUN (b) Do you want a glass of milk? (c) Barb has new glasses.

NOUNS THAT CAN BE COUNT OR NONCOUNT USED AS A NONCOUNT NOUN (d) Jenn has blue hair ! USED AS A COUNT NOUN (e) There is a hair in your food!

NOUNS THAT CAN BE COUNT OR NONCOUNT USED AS A NONCOUNT NOUN (f) These beams are made of iron. USED AS A COUNT NOUN (g) He bought a new iron.

NOUNS THAT CAN BE COUNT OR NONCOUNT USED AS A NONCOUNT NOUN (h) That bulb produces a lot of light. USED AS A COUNT NOUN (i) Please turn on the light.

NOUNS THAT CAN BE COUNT OR NONCOUNT USED AS A NONCOUNT NOUN (j) May I borrow some paper ? USED AS A COUNT NOUN (k) I wrote a long paper for my PhD. (l) He reads the paper every morning.

NOUNS THAT CAN BE COUNT OR NONCOUNT USED AS A NONCOUNT NOUN (m) This homework is taking so much time. USED AS A COUNT NOUN (n) Shes been sick many times.

NOUNS THAT CAN BE COUNT OR NONCOUNT USED AS A NONCOUNT NOUN (o) He only did a little work today. USED AS A COUNT NOUN (p) Cooking for his family is awork of love.

NOUNS THAT CAN BE COUNT OR NONCOUNT USED AS A NONCOUNT NOUN (q) Brazil produces a lot of coffee. USED AS A COUNT NOUN (r) Id like a coffee with cream.

NOUNS THAT CAN BE COUNT OR NONCOUNT USED AS A NONCOUNT NOUN (s) I eat a lot of chicken and fish. USED AS A COUNT NOUN (t) I bought one chicken and one fish.

NOUNS THAT CAN BE COUNT OR NONCOUNT USED AS A NONCOUNT NOUN (u) I have experience writing software. USED AS A COUNT NOUN (v) There are many experiences to enjoy when traveling.

LETS PRACTICE a some Travis has ____ chicken as a pet.a

LETS PRACTICE a/a/ I like to get my hair __ cut once a month. /

LETS PRACTICE time times I tried to call my friend six ______.times

USING UNITS OF MEASURE WITH NONCOUNT NOUNS She has a bowl of cereal, a glass of milk, and a piece of fruit for breakfast.

USING UNITS OF MEASURE WITH NONCOUNT NOUNS (a) He put some oil on the salad.

USING UNITS OF MEASURE WITH NONCOUNT NOUNS (a) He put some oil on the salad. (b) He had three drops of oil on his salad.

USING UNITS OF MEASURE WITH NONCOUNT NOUNS (a) He put some oil on the salad. (b) He had three drops of oil on his salad. (c) He eats some toast with fruit every day.

USING UNITS OF MEASURE WITH NONCOUNT NOUNS (a) He put some oil on the salad. (b) He had three drops of oil on his salad. (c) He eats some toast with fruit every day. (d) He had two pieces of toast with berries.

LETS PRACTICE bag bottle box I need a _____ of vinegar.bottle

LETS PRACTICE I have a _________ of spaghetti. container bag bottle container

LETS PRACTICE Id like to eat a _____ of tortilla chips. bag bottle container

GUIDELINES FOR ARTICLE USAGE Please tell me a story. You tell the best stories.

GUIDELINES FOR ARTICLE USAGE TO MAKE A GENERALIZATION

GUIDELINES FOR ARTICLE USAGE SINGULAR COUNT NOUNS: A/an (a) A computer is helpful for homework.

GUIDELINES FOR ARTICLE USAGE SINGULAR COUNT NOUNS: A/an (a) A computer is helpful for homework. (b) An orange is round.

GUIDELINES FOR ARTICLE USAGE SINGULAR COUNT NOUNS: A/an (a) A computer is helpful for homework. (b) An orange is round. (c) A tornado can be dangerous.

64 a/an + singular count noun 11-8 GUIDELINES FOR ARTICLE USAGE generalization - any, all, in general SINGULAR COUNT NOUNS: A/an (a) A computer is helpful for homework. (b) An orange is round. (c) A tornado can be dangerous.

GUIDELINES FOR ARTICLE USAGE (d) Ø Computers are helpful for homework. PLURAL COUNT NOUNS: Ø

GUIDELINES FOR ARTICLE USAGE PLURAL COUNT NOUNS: Ø (d) Ø Computers are helpful for homework. (e) Ø Oranges are round.

GUIDELINES FOR ARTICLE USAGE (f) Ø Tornadoes can be dangerous. PLURAL COUNT NOUNS: Ø (d) Ø Computers are helpful for homework. (e) Ø Oranges are round. plural count noun Generalizations: no article (Ø)

GUIDELINES FOR ARTICLE USAGE NONCOUNT NOUNT: Ø (g) Ø Exercise increases energy. (h) Ø Fruit contains vitamins. (i) Children need Ø attention. noncount noun Generalizations: no article (Ø)

GUIDELINES FOR ARTICLE USAGE TO TALK ABOUT NON-SPECIFIC PERSON(S) OR THINGS(S)

70 a + singular count noun 11-8 GUIDELINES FOR ARTICLE USAGE SINGULAR COUNT NOUNS: A/An (j) We have a computer at home. (k) I brought an orange for dessert. (l) There was a tornado in Kansas last week. one thing (not specific)

GUIDELINES FOR ARTICLE USAGE some + plural count noun things (not specific) PLURAL COUNT NOUNS: Some (m) We have some computers at school. (n) I brought some oranges for dessert. (o) There were some tornadoes last week.

GUIDELINES FOR ARTICLE USAGE NONCOUNT NOUNS: Some (p) I need some exercise. (q) The children would like some fruit. (r) I think the cat needs some attention. some (Ø) + noncount noun Something, not specific

GUIDELINES FOR ARTICLE USAGE THE SPEAKER AND THE LISTENER ARE THINKING ABOUT THE SAME SPECIFIC PERSON(S) OR THING(S)

74 the + noun 11-8 GUIDELINES FOR ARTICLE USAGE SINGULAR COUNT NOUNS: THE (s) Do you like the computer you bought? (t) I enjoyed the orange you gave me. (u) The tornado that hit yesterday was awful. (v) The moon is full. (w) The window is open. (x) Are you in the garage? specific person(s) or thing(s)

GUIDELINES FOR ARTICLE USAGE PLURAL COUNT NOUNS: THE (y) The computers were expensive. (z) I enjoyed the oranges you gave me. (aa) The tornadoes that hit Mexico were awful. (bb) The moons of Saturn are beautiful. the + noun specific person(s) or thing(s)

GUIDELINES FOR ARTICLE USAGE NONCOUNT NOUNS: THE (cc) The mail came early today. (dd) The fruit wasnt ripe yet. (ee) The love of a mother is very strong. (ff) The smog is bad this year.

GUIDELINES FOR ARTICLE USAGE something specific NONCOUNT NOUNS: THE (cc) The mail came early today. (dd) The fruit wasnt ripe yet. (ee) The love of a mother is very strong. (ff) The smog is bad this year. the + noncount noun

LETS PRACTICE Do you have ____ recipe for Moms lasagna? a an the

LETS PRACTICE No, but I have ___ recipe from a magazine. a an the a

LETS PRACTICE Too bad. Mom makes ___ best lasagna. a an the

LETS PRACTICE I do have ___ extra special spaghetti recipe that you might like. a an the an

USING THE OR Ø WITH NAMES The Himalayas are in Asia.

USING THE OR Ø WITH NAMES (a) Ø Ms. Albert is on the phone. She is waiting to speak to Ø Dr. Simmons.

USING THE OR Ø WITH NAMES (a) Ø Ms. Albert is on the phone. She is waiting to speak to Ø Dr. Simmons. Ø Prime Minister Thompson was re-elected. The titled names.

USING THE OR Ø WITH NAMES (b) I taught English in Ø Asia.

USING THE OR Ø WITH NAMES (b) I taught English in Ø Asia. Ø Australia is a large island.

USING THE OR Ø WITH NAMES (b) I taught English in Ø Asia. Ø Australia is a large island. Over 20% of the earths land is in Ø Africa.

USING THE OR Ø WITH NAMES (b) I taught Ø English in Asia. Ø Australia is a large island. Over 20% of the earths land is in Ø Africa. The names of continents.

USING THE OR Ø WITH NAMES (c) Madrid is the capital of Ø Spain. Ø Chile has some beautiful mountains. Ø Madagascar is a small country. The names of most countries. (d) The Dominican Republic is a small country. There are windmills in the Netherlands. The United States has 50 states. The a few countries.

USING THE OR Ø WITH NAMES (e) I love Ø Paris in the spring time. Ø New York has wonderful museums. We visited Ø Johannesburg last winter. The names of cities.

USING THE OR Ø WITH NAMES (f) The Mississippi River is very wide. The most important river that feeds the Black Sea is the Danube. The rivers, oceans & seas. (g) Ø Lake Vostok is the largest lake in the world. A large lake in Canada is Ø Lake Huron. The names of lakes.

USING THE OR Ø WITH NAMES (h) We saw the Virunga Mountains in Africa. The Andes Mountains are in South America. The names of mountain ranges. (i) Ø Elbrus Mountain is in Russia. A beautiful mountain in Alaska is Mount Denali. The individual mountains.

LETS PRACTICE ___ Mediterranean Sea is located to the north of ___ Africa. Ø the The Ø

LETS PRACTICE ___ Professor Keely teaches in ___ Czech Republic. She loves working in ___ Prague. Ø the Ø Ø

LETS PRACTICE It is illegal to climb ___ Himalayas in ___ Bhutan. Ø the Ø

CAPITALIZATION Barbara Barns studied business at Brac University in Bangladesh.

CAPITALIZATION CAPITALIZE 1. The first word of a sentence. (a) There are no clouds in the sky. It is a beautiful day.

CAPITALIZATION CAPITALIZE 1. The first word of a sentence. Capitalize = a BIG letter, not a small one (a) There are no clouds in the sky. It is a beautiful day.

CAPITALIZATION CAPITALIZE 2. The names of people. (b) Jimi Hendrix was a rock musician in the 60s.

CAPITALIZATION CAPITALIZE 3. Titles used with the names of people. (c) Dr. Gilroy lives near me. Were you in Professor Gilroys class? COMPARE I saw a professor. I saw Professor Gilroy.

CAPITALIZATION CAPITALIZE 4. Months, days, holidays (d) Zoes birthday is in December. She was born on a Saturday. It was on New Years Eve. spring summer fall/autumn winter not capitalized

CAPITALIZATION CAPITALIZE 5. The names of places: (e) Ottawa is the capital city of Canada, which is in North America. It is in the province of Ontario. city, state/province, country, continent

CAPITALIZATION CAPITALIZE 6. The names of school courses (f) Professor Mackey teaches my Womens History course.

CAPITALIZATION CAPITALIZE 7. The titles of books, articles, movies (g) My favorite movie is Shirley Valentine. My favorite book is The Sweetest Dream.

CAPITALIZATION CAPITALIZE 8. The names of languages and nationalities (h) I speak Spanish. I love Mexican food.

CAPITALIZATION CAPITALIZE 9. The names of religions (i) Buddism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, and Judaism are some of the major religions of the world. One of my friends is a Muslim, and the other is a Buddhist.

LETS PRACTICE Should the underlined word be capitalized? yes no Boxing day is a holiday in canada.

LETS PRACTICE Why should the underlined word be capitalized? first in sentence person holiday place course book language Boxing Day is a holiday in canada.

LETS PRACTICE Should the underlined word be capitalized? yes no Boxing Day is a holiday in canada.

LETS PRACTICE Why should the underlined word be capitalized? first in sentence person holiday place course book language Boxing Day is a holiday in Canada.

LETS PRACTICE Should the underlined word be capitalized? yes no I taught information Systems 202.

LETS PRACTICE Why should the underlined word be capitalized? I taught Information Systems 202. first in sentence person holiday place course book language

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