Warm-up Answer the following question on the slip provided. DON’T TURN IT IN!! KEEP IT!! What is one similarity and one difference between the 5 Pillars of Islam and the 10 Commandments of Christianity/Judaism?

Eastern Mediterranean Chapter 22 Section 2 Southwest Asia Day 3 Eastern Mediterranean Chapter 22 Section 2

Countries in the region: --Syria --Cyprus --Lebanon --Israel --Jordan

Religious History 3 major religions were all started in Southwest Asia: Judaism, Christianity, & Islam All 3 claim Jerusalem (the Old City) as a holy city

Why is the area important to Jews? Jews- Jerusalem is holiest city Holiest site- Western Wall (Wailing Wall) Temple Mount Original temples destroyed Only piece left is the Western Wall Believe it’s the site where Abraham (Jewish forefather) prepared to sacrifice his son, Isaac, to God No Jewish temple on site since 70 A.D.

Why do Christians cherish it? Sacred location of the crucifixion of Jesus Christians visit the holy places: Mount of Olives Church of the Holy Sepulchre Christians visit Mount of Olives (Jesus ascended into heaven) Church of the Holy Sepulchre (Sepulkurr) the site where Jesus was crucified (church was built over where the crosses were) Muslims controlled area until WWI

Why is it important to Islam? Dome of the Rock- spot where Muslims believe Muhammad rose to heaven Located next to the Wailing Wall Site of frequent clashes between Muslims & Jews because their holy sites are so close together Islam claims Jerusalem as 3rd most holy city behind Mecca & Medina

What happened during WWI? After WWI, France & Britain split up control of the region Britain would get control of Palestine Zionism- goal was the creation & support of a Jewish homeland in Palestine Jewish people began buying land & settling Region controlled by the Ottomans however they lost control since they were weak (1520-1922) GB and France given control after WWI (since Ottoman Empire joined the Germans)

What happened to Israel? After WW2, Jewish Holocaust survivors wanted a national homeland Arabs & Jews couldn’t come to an agreement May 14th, 1948 Israel was established Surrounding Arab nations invaded Israel to prevent the establishment of the state; Jewish troops fought back Many Palestinian Arabs & Christians flee their homes or are forced into refugee camps formed by the UN The Gaza Strip & the West Bank (Palestinian land) is under Israeli control Immediately, Egypt, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, & Yemen attacked.

2003- Mahmoud Abbas becomes first Palestinian Prime Minister What is the PLO? Palestine Liberation Organization- formed in 1960s to regain land for Palestinian Arabs Political & Military means used to take possession of Arab land in Israel and allow refugees to return to their homes Hamas: Islamic resistance movement since 2007 has controlled Gaza strip Founded in 1987 2003- Mahmoud Abbas becomes first Palestinian Prime Minister