Bacteria Friend or Foe

Characteristics Bacteria belong to 2 Domains Domain Bacteria = eubacteria Domain Archae = archaebacteria Lack a nucleus = Prokaryote Single Celled Have a cell membrane No organelles (ie: mitochondria, ribosome)

Domains of Bacteria Archaebacteria - “Ancient” Bacteria Live in harsh environments (hot springs & thermal vents) = Extremophiles Eubacteria – “True” Bacteria Found most everywhere Common bacteria (ie: E.coli & Salmonella)

The 2 Domains Archaebacteria Eubacteria

THE TOP DECK CABIN

Shapes of Bacteria Bacteria come in 3 basic shapes Round = Coccus (cocci) Rod = bacillus (bacilli) Spiral = Spirilla (Spirochetes)

Cool Pictures of Bacteria Coccus = Round Bacillus = Rod Spirlla = Spiral

More Shapes By adding prefixes to the names of bacteria we can be more specific on the shapes. Diplo = pair Strepto = chain Staphylo = cluster

More Cool Pictures Strepto Diplo Staphylo

Bacteria Movement Most bacteria have a whip-like filament used for movement called a flagella

Importance of Bacteria Live in Intestines Help digest food Make vitamins Decomposers Breakdown organic compounds Helps make lots of products Tan leather Vinegar Yogurt, Cheese, Sauerkraut, Pickles Antibiotics

Viruses A nonliving strand of genetic material within a protein coat Because they are considered nonliving, they do not belong to any Kingdom No organelles to take in nutrients or use energy Cannot move Cannot replicate on their own Most viruses range in size from 5 to 300 nanometers. I.O.W. so small half a billion of them can fit on the head of a pin

Virus (physical) Structure Core of nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat = CAPSID Core = DNA or RNA (not both)

Viral Infection In order to replicate, a virus must enter a host cell. The virus attaches to the host cell using specific receptors on the plasma membrane Many viruses cannot be transmitted between different species.

Different Types of Viruses Chicken Pox Small Pox HIV

How Viruses Work Viruses are considered parasites, they must invade a living host in order to reproduce and survive. This process harms the host organism Viruses have specific hosts Plant viruses ONLY invade… PLANTS Animal viruses ONLY invade… ANIMALS Bacterial viruses ONLY invade … BACTERIA

Viruses & Disease Animal Viruses = Mumps, Polio, AIDS, Influenza, Colds, Chicken Pox, Small Pox, Ebola, West Nile Plant Viruses = There is a virus that attacks almost every vegetable and fruit Bacterial Viruses = attack all types of Bacteria Ebola Bacteriophages

Any Questions? That’s all folks!