How to draw, read, and work with free body diagrams.

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How to draw, read, and work with free body diagrams.

Identify your mass This is a box, circle, or simple sketch that shows your object and is labeled with its mass. For most objects a box or a circle is enough detail. 12 kg

Is it on a surface or falling? If the object is on a level surface, draw a line representing the ground. If it is off the ground don’t include a surface and realize that there will be no normal force. Normal 12 kg 12 kg 12 kg Gravity Gravity

Calculate the force of Gravity The acceleration due to gravity for any object near the surface of the earth is 9.8 m/s2 Newton’s Second Law shows the relationship between force and mass to be F=ma. The Force of Gravity is equal to mass (given in the problem) multiplied by acceleration (9.8m/s2.) 12 x 9.8 = 117.6 Normal 12 kg Gravity 117.6 N

Gravity is equal to Normal Newton’s First Law states that an object at rest stays at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force. The force of gravity must be balanced by an equal and opposite force, or the object would be accelerating downwards. The name for the force opposing gravity is the normal force. Normal 117.6 N 12 kg Gravity 117.6 N

For objects on a surface If there is an acceleration along the ground, there must be a force. If there is a force on a level surface, it will be opposed by a friction force. Opposing forces point in exactly opposite directions. Normal 117.6 N Applied Force Friction 12 kg Gravity 117.6 N

Add forces to find total force Add together arrows point in the same direction. Subtract arrows that point in opposite directions. The final total is the total force. Use the total force to find the acceleration of the object. Normal 117.6 N Total Force = Applied minus Friction 30N - 10N = 20N Acceleration = Force divided by mass a = 20/12 = 1.67m/s2 Friction 10 N Applied Force 30 N 12 kg Gravity 117.6 N

Remember Newton’s Second Law Units to Know Force will always be given in Newtons (N) Acceleration will always be given in meters per second squared (m/s2) Mass will always be given in kilograms (kg) Remember Newton’s Second Law Force = Mass x Acceleration (F=ma) Used to find force to label the FBD, or to calculate the acceleration from the total force Mass = Force ÷ Acceleration Acceleration = Force ÷ Mass