Unit 2 Test Review Kraj
What is a pioneer species? The first species to colonize an area that did not have life.
What causes air to be denser at the Earth’s surface? gravity
What do bacteria, plants, and fungi have in common? Cell Wall
What would Earth be like without the greenhouse effect? Too cold for life to exist
Explain the greenhouse effect. Greenhouse gases trap heat radiated from Earth warming the planet.
Which organisms participate in decomposing? fungi and bacteria
Which organisms can make their own food? Plants, and some protists
Give some examples of a pioneer species. Lichens
What do lichens do? They help breakdown rock to form the first soil.
What is a consumer? an organism that eats other organisms to obtain energy.
Give an example of a food chain and identify the lowest and highest trophic level. grass – mouse – snake –eagle grass lowest eagle highest energy moving from left to right
What is an omnivore? An organisms that eats both plants and animals
Give some examples of omnivores. Humans, bears
What is an herbivore? An organism that eats only plants
Give some examples of herbivores. Sheep, goat, cow, grasshopper
A consumer that only eats producers is called what? herbivore
How is a food chain different from a food web? Food chain – individuals Food web many feeding relationships
Which level of the energy pyramid has the most energy? Bottom
Which level of the energy pyramid has the least organisms? top
Which level of the energy pyramid has the least energy? top
Which level of the energy pyramid has the most organisms? bottom
Give examples of organisms at the top of the energy pyramid. Humans, lions, hawks
What is the ultimate source of energy for our planet? The sun
Where do you find nitrogen fixing bacteria? On the roots of legumes (fruiting plants like peas and beans)
What type of vegetation is in a climax community? Mature trees such as Oak This is the final stable community in the last stage of succession.
What is a producer? An organism that makes its own food through photosynthesis. plants produce oxygen
What is a consumer? An organism that eats other organisms to obtain energy.
Which gas must be transformed by bacteria before it can be used by plants? Nitrogen
How do humans impact the carbon cycle? Burning of fossil fuels
Where do plants get carbon from? Taking in CO2 during photosynthesis.
What is a characteristic of archaebacteria? It lives in harsh environments
How do fungi obtain food? They are decomposers and absorb the food.
Name the 6 kingdoms of life. Animal, plant, eubacteria, archaebacteria, protists, fungi
Give 3 examples of biotic factors. humans, worms, plants, fungi, bacteria
Give 3 examples of abiotic factors. water, air, soil, temperature, rocks, minerals
Give an example of pesticide resistance. Bugs that are resistant will live and reproduce creating a fully resistant population.
How much energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next? 10% (90% is lost)
A group of organisms that can mate to produce fertile offspring. Species
All the organisms living in an area together and their physical environment. Ecosystem
A group of various species that live in the same place and interact with each other. Community
Microscopic single celled organisms that lack a nuclei and are found in harsh environments. Archaebacteria
All members of the same species that live in the same place at the same time. Population
One celled organisms that can animal or plant like. Protists
An individual living thing. Organism
A change that improves the chances of success of a population. Adaptation