1. Ecosystems All the living and non living Components of an environment.
Forest Ecosystem
Ocean Ecosystem
Desert Ecosystem

2. Ecosystems Living components (Biotic) Non living components (Abiotic)
trees
sea anemone
clownfish
Non living components (Abiotic)
soil
rocks
water
temperature
precipitation

3. Energy in an Ecosystem
The source of all energy in an ecosystem is the sun
Photosynthesis – using sunlight as energy to convert carbon dioxide and water
into food.
Carbon dioxide + water + sunlight = sugar + oxygen

4. Ecosystems – The Major Players
The Producers:
Organisms that produce their own food by photosynthesis.
Examples are plants, algae and plankton.

5. Ecosystems – The Major Players
The Consumers:
Organisms that get their energy from eating food.
Three Types:
Herbivores
Carnivores
Omnivores

6. Ecosystems – The Major Players
The Decomposers:
Organisms that break down wastes and dead organisms and return nutrients to the environment.
Examples are bacteria and fungi.

7. Food Chains and food webs
Food chains follow a single path to show who eats whom.
Food chains show the flow of energy through an ecosystem.
Arrows indicate a transfer of energy and can be replaced with “is eaten by..”
The sun is the primary source of energy for any food chain.
The Producers are always at the bottom.
Energy is lost at each step.
Tertiary
Consumer
Secondary
Consumer
Primary
Consumer

8. Food Chains and food webs
Many food chains together create a food web that shows the feeding relationships for the whole ecosystem.
Food Chain
Food Web

9. Energy Pyramid Trophic Level – Feeding positions within a food
chain or web.
Energy is lost at each
Trophic Level.
Decreasing energy