North Carolina Ways of Life By: Mr. Hunter

Why did people immigrate to North Carolina? People in the north viewed NC as an open frontier Land companies advertised mild climates, fertile soil, and inexpensive land Highland Scots viewed it as a place to escape religious persecution and political turmoil

How did Gabriel Johnson encourage growth of the colony? He convinced the assembly to pass a law that excused Protestants from other countries from paying taxes for 10 years. He made large land grants possible.

Highland Scots Cumberland county was formed for them since they rebelled and their farmland was taken away. Highlanders were traitors; they refused to turn against England during the revolution.

Great Wagon Road Who: What: When: Where: Why: What were the results?:

Great Wagon Road Who: Pennsylvania settlers What: a 700-mile wilderness trail for people traveling south When: 1700’s Where: along the foot of the Appalachian Mountains Why: scarcity of land in Pennsylvania

Great Wagon Road What were the results? The Scots-Irish and German-speaking Protestants claimed the backcountry as home. They moved into the Piedmont where they farmed, raised livestock, and operated gristmills, tanneries, and forges.

Great Wagon Road

Scots-Irish Sent to Northern Ireland to Industrialize the country and make it Protestant Developed a thriving linen and woolen industry Scots-Irish supported the revolution.

Pennsylvania Dutch German-speaking people Members of several Protestant churches Fled religious persecution Moravians: largest body of Germans in NC

Enslaved Africans NC had the smallest population of enslaved Africans and failed to develop and active slave trade (because of good ports and lack of necessity). Quakers stood against slavery.

Social Class System Arrange these in order from lower class to higher Social Class System Arrange these in order from lower class to higher. Describe each. Planters Farmers Laborers, artisans, apprentices Indentured servants Gentry Enslaved/Free Africans

Social Class System Gentry: upper class- clergy, lawyers, doctors Planters: landowners with many enslaved people Farmers: backbone of society, militia

Social Class System Indentured Servants: contractual labor Laborers, etc.: apprentices, blacksmiths, weavers, merchants, woodcarvers, etc. Enslaved/Free Africans: experienced racism, “free” Africans were able to purchase family members, viewed as property

Economy/Industry 95% of people in NC made their living through agriculture. The industry boomed after settlers learned to farm like Native Americans (planting seeds in rows and hills, hoeing weeds, usnig scarecrows)

Major Cash Crops Corn (roasted, fermented it, milled the dried kernels- grits, mill, hominy) Wheat (sold well in England) Tobacco

Tobacco