The War Topic: Battles Objective: Describing key WWI battles Essential Question: What are the key battles and arenas of war?
The Schlieffen Plan Germany’s Plan Attack and defeat France in the West Rush east to fight Russia Russia lagged in railroads Speed was vital to plan
Schlieffen Plan
Western Front Deadlocked region in northern France Battle of the Marne Allies regrouped and attacked Germans German retreat Significance: left Schlieffen Plan in ruins Verdun Germans attack French, each side lost more than 300,000 men Battle of the Somme British respond to Verdun, attack Germans Day 1: 20,000 British dead In the end: Half a million lives lost on each side
Trench Warfare
Stalemate Deadlock No action can be taken, no progress can be made
Eastern Front Along German and Russian border Tannenburg Russians launch attack on Austria and Germany Germany counter attacks and crushes Russian army Russians put up better fight against A-H but eventually are pushed out of A-H
Gallipolli Campaign Plan: Allies would secure the Dardanelles in the Ottoman Empire Take Constantinople Defeat the Turks Establish supply line to Russia
Gallipolli Campaign What happened: Turned into another stalemate Dug trenches, fought from Feb-Dec Allies give up, evacuate 250,000 Allied casualties
Unrestricted Submarine Warfare U-Boats – German Submarines German U-Boats would sink w/o warning any ship in the waters around Britain In response to British blockade of German coast Lusitania – British passenger ship that Germans sank, claiming it carried ammunition – it did! Killed 1,198 people
US Enters the War April 2, 1917 Zimmerman Telegram – intercepted telegram from Germany’s foreign secretary to Mexico Germany would help Mexico regain lost land from US if they joined the Central Powers