Ch 6

Fad Diets- weight-loss plans that are popular for only a short period of time Liquid Diets- replaces all food intake with a special liquid formula Fasting- abstaining from eating at all Diet Pills- usually suppresses appetite

Very hard to stick with Limit certain food intake Fail to provide the body with the nutrients it needs Any weight lost on the fad diet is usually regained shortly after EX: grapefruit diet, ice cream diet, cabbage soup diet

Very low calorie diet Usually do not meet the body's energy needs Most often lead to fatigue Due to the potential dangers associated with liquid diets the FDA requires these products to carry warning labels Recommends they are used under close medical supervision Ex: slim-fast

Deprives your body of the needed nutrients and energy Without nutrients your body needs it starts to breakdown the protein stored in your muscle tissue for energy Not a good way to lose weight Very ineffective in the long run

May cause drowsiness, anxiety, racing heart, or other serious side effects May be addictive to some people Some cause the body to lose more water than normal, which can lead to dehydration Not an effective weight loss plan in the long run

Some plans do help people lose weight quickly, but weight loss is usually from water and not fat Water weight is quickly regained The repeated loss and gain of weight is known as weight cycling Common among people who follow fad diets Slow and steady is the best way to lose weight

An extreme, harmful eating behavior that can cause serious illness or even death Exact cause is unknown Mental/emotional factors Poor body image Social/family pressures Perfectionism Control Genetics 90% are females

Disorder in which the irrational fear of becoming obese results in severe weight loss from self-imposed starvation Psychological disorder Develops most often in teenage girls and young women Symptoms: extremely low calorie intake, obsession with exercising, emotional problems, unnatural interest in food, distorted body image, denial

Drastic reduction in body fat, may stop menstration Loss of bone density Low body temperature Low blood pressure Slow metabolism Reduction in organ size Heart problems, irregular heart beat, cardiac arrest, sudden death Treatment: psychological treatment, clinic or hostpital

Disorder in which some form of purging or clearing of the digestive tract follows cycles of overeating A person often fasts and then binges After eating the person may vomit or take laxatives to get the food out Symptoms: distorted body image, unnatural interest in food Causes: societal pressures, self-esteem issues, family problems, control issues

Dehydration Kidney damage Irregular heart beat Destroy tooth enamel Causes tooth decay Damages tissue of stomach, esophagus, and mouth Nutrient deficiencies Treatment: both medication and psychological counseling

A disorder characterized by compulsive overeating People consume a large amount of food at one time but do not try to purge This disorder may signal food as a coping mechanism for emotions or depression Treatment: professional counseling and medication at times

Unhealthful weight gain Health problems: type 2 diabetes, heart disease, stroke Gallbladder problems, high blood pressure, high cholesterol Increased risk of cancer

People suffering from any type of eating disorder need professional medical and psychological help All eating disorders are serious If you believe a friend is suffering from an eating disorder tell someone; counselor, parent, school nurse, teacher Encourage your friend to seek professional help

Almost 50% of people with eating disorders meet the criteria for depression Only 1 in 10 men and women with eating disorders receive treatment. Only 35% of people that receive treatment for eating disorders get treatment at a specialized facility for eating disorders Up to 24 million people of all ages and genders suffer from an eating disorder (anorexia, bulimia and binge eating disorder) in the U.S Eating disorders have the highest mortality rate of any mental illness