Aim: Analyze Soviet Domination of Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union-China Split

Destalinization & Rumblings of Protest Soviet Union kept a firm grip on its satellite countries in Eastern Europe Nikita Khrushchev became the dominant Soviet leader 1956, Khrushchev denounced Stalin for jailing & killing loyal Soviet citizens Start of policy called destalinization or purging of Stalin’s memory Resentment at times turn to protest Oct 1956: Hungarian army joined protestors to overthrow Hungary Soviet-controlled government Hungarian Communist leader Imre Nagy formed new government that promised free elections Response: Soviet tanks entered Budapest Pro-Soviet govn’t was installed & killed Nagy 2

The Revolt in Czechoslovakia Khrushchev lost prestige in his country as a result of Cuban Missile Crisis Replacement Leonid Brezhnev adopted repressive domestic policies Party enforced laws to limit such basic human rights as freedom of speech & worship Secret police arrested many dissidents Brezhnev would not tolerate dissent in Eastern Europe Early 1968: Czech Communist leader Alexander Dubcek loosened controls Period of reform known as Prague Spring Aug 20, armed forces from Warsaw Pact nations invaded Czech Brezhnev claimed Soviets had right to prevent its satellites from rejecting communism (Brezhnev Doctrine) 3

The Soviet-Chinese Split China was committed to communism Mao and Stalin signed a 30 year treaty of Friendship in 1950 As the Chinese grew more confident, they resented being in Moscow’s shadow China began to spread their own brand of communism in Africa and other parts of Asia 1959: Khrushchev punished the Chinese by refusing to share nuclear secrets Soviets ended technical economic aid Split grew so wide that fighting broke out along their common border 4