1. Czechoslovakia:
The Prague Spring

2. Before WW2, Czechoslovakia had a very successful economy and was a democracy. What was life like under Soviet rule?

3. Before WW2, Czechoslovakia had a very successful economy and was a democracy. What was life like under Soviet rule?
By the 1960s, people are very disappointed by their standards of living.

4. They desired to vote freely.
Before WW2, Czechoslovakia had a very successful economy and was a democracy. What was life like under Soviet rule?
By the 1960s, people are very disappointed by their standards of living.
They desired to vote freely.

5. Before WW2, Czechoslovakia had a very successful economy and was a democracy. What was life like under Soviet rule?
By the 1960s, people are very disappointed by their standards of living.
They desired to vote freely.
The people resented their lack of freedoms.

6. Before WW2, Czechoslovakia had a very successful economy and was a democracy. What was life like under Soviet rule?
By the 1960s, people are very disappointed by their standards of living.
They desired to vote freely.
The people resented their lack of freedoms.
Workers wanted more say in how to run their factories.

7. Before WW2, Czechoslovakia had a very successful economy and was a democracy. What was life like under Soviet rule?
By the 1960s, people are very disappointed by their standards of living.
They desired to vote freely.
The people resented their lack of freedoms.
Workers wanted more say in how to run their factories.
All aspects of media are controlled.

8. Before WW2, Czechoslovakia had a very successful economy and was a democracy. What was life like under Soviet rule?
By the 1960s, people are very disappointed by their standards of living.
They desired to vote freely.
The people resented their lack of freedoms.
Workers wanted more say in how to run their factories.
All aspects of media are controlled.
They were terrified of the Secret Police.

9. Student Protests 1966

10. How did the Soviets respond?
Student Protests 1966
How did the Soviets respond?

11. Antonin Novotńy Czech leader 1953-1968
Czech economy struggled during the 1960s
Industry was struggling to produce goods to sell and the standard of living was dropping.

12. Alexander Dubcek is appointed 1968

13. Alexander Dubcek is appointed 1968
What did he do?

14. Write the reforms of the Prague Spring (Jan-Aug) on the petals
What kind of reforms would Dubcek most likely make in order to be popular in Czech?
What kind of reforms is he very UNLIKELY to make given the experience of Hungary in 1956?

16. I don’t like the look of this!
Extension: Why do you think the USSR leader will crush this rebellion when they are not threatening to leave the Warsaw Pact?
I don’t like the look of this!

17. What was the Brezhnev doctrine?

18. What was the Brezhnev doctrine?
If any Eastern bloc nation compromises Soviet rule or policy, Warsaw Pact forces will intervene.
(all must have one party system & all must remain members of Warsaw Pact)

19. 20th August 1968
West Germany invading the Sudetenland? Likely…?

20. 20th August 1968
Why?
Write down as many reasons you can think of for invading Czechoslovakia.
Consider the following things:
Geographical position
Reforms
Friendships
East Germany
Eastern Europe
USA

21. Czechoslovakian Revolt, 1968
Watch the video and compare the Czechoslovak reaction to Soviet invasion to the Hungarian reaction in Why is this invasion described as a crueler impact than the Nazi invasion in 1939?

22. What was the aftermath?

23. Czechoslovakia returned to strict Communist rule.
What was the aftermath?
Czechoslovakia returned to strict Communist rule.

24. Czechoslovakia returned to strict Communist rule.
What was the aftermath?
Czechoslovakia returned to strict Communist rule.
Eastern Europe are reminded that USSR will disallow any variation from their rule.

25. What was the aftermath?
Czechoslovakia returned to strict Communist rule.
Eastern Europe are reminded that USSR will disallow any variation from their rule.
Damaged relations with Yugoslavia, Romania and China.

26. What was the aftermath?
Communist parties in the West stop looking towards Moscow for guidance.
Czechoslovakia returned to strict Communist rule.
Eastern Europe are reminded that USSR will disallow any variation from their rule.
Damaged relations with Yugoslavia, Romania and China.

27. Key questions 119-120 Why did the Prague Spring begin?
Why was there a demand for reform?
What reforms did Dubcek promise and how did he try to reassure the Soviets?
How did the Soviets respond and what was the Brezhnev Doctrine?
Answer source questions 2 and 3. (120)
Question 2 on page 121.

28. Causes of the Prague Spring
The policy of détente encouraged the uprising. Romania had also broken free of Russian control, and was improving relations with the West.
The Czechs hated Russian control, especially: Russian control of the economy, which had made Czechoslovakia poor. The censorship and lack of freedom. Some Czechs thought the USA would help them.
Effects of the invasion of Czechoslovakia
Czechoslovakia returned to communist control and Russian troops were stationed there. Half the leadership of the KSC, along with the directors of many firms (especially publishing companies) were sacked and 47 anti-communists were arrested.
Russia stayed in control behind the Iron Curtain. The Brezhnev Doctrine stated that Iron Curtain countries would not be allowed to abandon communism, "even if it meant a third world war”.
Increase of the Cold War. People in the West were horrified and so were many communist countries, especially Romania and Yugoslavia.

29. How different were events in Hungary in 1956 and Czechoslovakia in 1968? Explain your answer. [10]