Acids and Bases

Acids Acid- a compound that produces hydrogen ions in a solution. -Ex.- H combines with H2O to make H3O which is an acid. The more Hydronium ions the more acidic the substance. Strong acids are corrosive. They can eat metal. NEVER TOUCH OR TASTE A STRONG ACID!

Acid Acids Taste Sour Oranges contain citric acids; apples contain malic acid Organic acids come from nature- Weak Acids Ants are also naturally acidic. Unripened fruit has a higher acidity than ripened fruit. That is why it tastes more sour!

Bases Base- A compound that produces hydroxide ions in a solution. NEVER TOUCH OR TASTE A STRONG BASE. Alkaline- another name for a base Bases are slippery feeling and taste bitter. To neutralize an base add an acid. To neutralize an acid, add a base.

pH pH- the measure of the hydronium ions in a solution. The lower the number the MORE acidic, the higher the number the MORE base. Typical pH scale ranges from 0-14 0-6 is acidic 7 neutral 8-14 base (alkaline)

pH comes from the French “pouvoir hydrogene,” which means “hydrogen power.”

pH Indicator Indicator- substance that changes color in an acid or base. Litmus paper- turns red or blue in acid or base. Red paper turns blue in a base Blue paper turns red in an acid

Paper universal indicator pH Indicator Universal Indicator- mixture of several indicators so that each number on the pH scale shows a different color. Can be a solid or liquid The colors representing the number changes with the brand of indicator Natural liquid indicator made from cabbage juice. Liquid Indicator