Unit 2 Study Guide Answers

What is a cell? Smallest unit of life

Basic functions of life Grow Use energy Reproduce

Microscopes To see small organisms or small objects

What are organelles Parts of cells that perform specific actions

Single-celled organism Organism that is made up of one cell Example: bacteria

Multicellular Organism Organism that is made up many cells that work together Example: humans

Basic parts of animal cells Nucleus Cell membrane Cytoplasm

Organelle that gives the cell shape and allows materials to come in and out of the cell Cell membrane

Basic parts of plant cells Cytoplasm Nucleus Cell wall Chloroplast Cell membrane

Cell walls No. They are found in plant cells – they hold the plant’s structure. Remember – this is why plants don’t move.

Cell Part Function Found in Plant Cells? Found in Animal Cells? Nucleus  Controls the cell Like the brain YES   Cell membrane Controls what comes in and out of the cell Cell wall Protects the cell And provides support NO Cytoplasm Holds the organelles in place and contains nutrients Chloroplasts Makes food for the plant cell *Photosynthesis  YES

Unicellular organisms - reproduction Split in two or in half

Unicellular organisms – waste removal Organelles move the waste outside the cell membrane

Bacteria – single celled organism, no nucleus Amoeba – single celled organism, has nucleus Algae – singled celled organism, has chloroplasts, live in water

Microorganisms Very small living things that cannot be seen without a microscope

Bacteria Harmful Helpful Algae Fungi Protozoa  Poison Strep throat Salmonella Helps break down food we eat Eats harmful microorganisms  Make yogurt and cheese Algae  Red Tide algae can poison fish Creates oxygen for animals to breathe  Fungi  Mold on food Make food spoil Kills crops Athletes foot  Decomposer Mushrooms are food Protozoa  Causes malaria  Food for animals in water Removes harmful chemicals from sewage

Type of Organism Description Helpful or Harmful? E. Coli (Bacteria) Helps your body digest, or break down, the food you eat HELPFUL  Bacteria Turns milk into cheese and yogurt  HELPFUL Yeast Makes bread dough rise Fungi Breaks down the remains of dead organisms Algae Put oxygen into the air for animals to breathe

Salmonella (bacteria) Found in raw meat and can make you very sick  Harmful Bacteria Causes strep throat Fungi Athletes foot is a skin infection Makes food spoil Viruses Cause the cold, flu, and chicken pox Algae “Red Tide” contains a poison that can kill fish and make people sick