Enzymes of Digestion Biology 12.

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Presentation transcript:

Enzymes of Digestion Biology 12

What is a digestive enzyme?

What is a digestive enzyme?

What is a digestive enzyme?

Carbohydrate Enzymes Salivary Amylase – from parotid salivary amylase (pH 6.5) Pancreatic amylase – from pancreatic juices (pH 8) Sucrase, maltase, lactase – from duodenum (pH 8)

Protein Enzymes Pepsinogen (inactive enzymes released by stomach cells) + HCl produces pepsin (pH 2) Trypsin released by pancreas (pH 8) Peptidases released in duodenum (pH 8)

Lipid Enzymes

Lipid Enzymes Bile is made in liver and stored in gall bladder Bile is not an enzyme, it is an emulsifier LIPASE is an enzyme made and released by pancreas Once bile has made fat molecules smaller, lipase breaks down to fatty acids and glycerol Monomers go into LACTEALS of the jejunum villi

Nucleic Acid Enzymes Nuclease is made in the pancreas and acts in the duodenum Rips apart the phosphate bond in DNA and RNA from the food we eat Monomers are transferred into blood stream in jejunum villi

Parotid Salivary Gland Mouth Starch Smaller polysaccharide Macromolecule Enzyme Optimal pH Where Made Where Acts Reactant Product Carbohydrate Salivary Amylase 6.5 Parotid Salivary Gland Mouth Starch Smaller polysaccharide Pancreatic Amylase 8 Pancreas Duodenum Disaccharide Sucrase Sucrose Glucose + fructose Maltase Maltose Glucose + glucose Lactase Lactose Glucose + galactose Lipid Emulsified Lipids Fatty Acids + glycerol Nucleic Acids Nucleases DNA + RNA nucleotides Protein Pepsin 2 Stomach Denatured polypeptide Smaller polypeptide Trypsin dipeptide Peptidases Amino Acid