World War I.

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Presentation transcript:

World War I

Causes of WWI Militarism Glorification of the military European nations engage in a massive military buildup Alliances European countries form partnerships to protect themselves Imperialism Domination of one less advanced country by another Nationalism People feel loyalty and devotion to their country or culture

MILITARISM

Alliances Triple Alliance (Central Powers) Triple Entente (Allies) Alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy in the late 1800s Triple Entente (Allies) “nonbinding agreement to follow common policies” Between France, Great Britain and Russia in the early 1900s

ALLIANCES

ALLIANCES Allies v. Central Powers

IMPERIALISM-KEY POINTS 1. Nationalism was an intense form of patriotism. Celebrate your country & place its interest above others 2. Pre-war nationalism was fuelled by wars, imperial conquests and rivalry, political rhetoric, newspapers and popular culture 3. British nationalism fuelled by century of peace and prosperity. The Empire flourished & expanded, while naval strength grew 4. German nationalism-new phenomenon, emerging from unification of Germany in 1871. Resentful of the British 5. Balkans-Rising nationalism in the Balkans, where Slavic Serbs & others sought independence and autonomy from the imperialistic control of Austria-Hungary.

IMPERIALISM

The Spark that led to WAR Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand Heir to Austria-Hungary whose assassination by a Serb nationalist (Gavrilo Princip) started World War I Austria declared war on Serbia on July 28, 1914 Alliances forced to pick sides

1914 TIMELINE 28 June- Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip assassinates Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary, along with his wife. 28 July- Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia, after Serbia fails to fully agree to an ultimatum. 1 August- Germany (ally of Austria-Hungary) declares war on Russia after the Russians began mobilizing to support Serbia. 3 August- Germany declares war on France (Russia’s ally) after the French refused Germany’s demand to stay out of the conflict. 4 August- Germany invades Belgium, a neutral country, on their way to attack France. Britain, who guaranteed to protect Belgium’s neutrality, declares war on Germany.

Review https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cd2ch4XV84s

World War I

Stalemate on the Western Front Trench Warfare Form of combat where soldiers dug trenches, or deep ditches, to seek protection from enemy fire and to defend their positions Stalemate A deadlock in which either side is able to defeat the other

Technology of Modern Warfare Poison Gas Blinded or choked victims or caused agonizing burns and blisters Tanks, airplanes, and submarines Rapid-fire machine guns

U-boats Nicknamed from the German word for submarine – Unterseeboat Sunk merchant ships carrying supplies to Britain

Poison Gas

Rapid-Fire Machine Guns

Tanks