February 28, 2019February 28, 2019 WWI Begins Mr. Fisher US History

World War I Begins Section 1 - Review February 28, 2019 Causes of WWI (Introduction activity) Nationalism: love/devotion for one’s country/culture “MY country is better than your country.” Imperialism: Competing empires around the world Militarism: Development of armed forces to maintain dominance Germany dev’l of navy to compete with the Royal Fleet (Britain) Entangling alliances: Assassination ultimately pulls allied countries in together Central Powers: German Empire, Austria Hungary, Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria Allied Powers – France, Russia, Great Britain (map) Central Powers needs for victory: Quick, one-front battle with France and Britain Turn armies toward Russia with a victory US to remain neutral – divided opinion Against war: 3,000 miles away Not our war Another European war For war: Heritage ties to Britain Strong economic ties with “Allied” powers Section 1 - Review

World War I Begins US mobilizes for war – “just in case” February 28, 2019 US mobilizes for war – “just in case” Ensure Allied payments for war materials (dynamite, black powder…) Stop Germans from threatening U.S. trade (see notes) Fighting Starts: Schlieffen Plan (Why did the plan fail?) Germany invades neutral Belgium to conquer France Trench warfare (No Man’s Land) Opposing sides “dig in” during battle British blockade of German ports: Starves the Germans (positive for Allies) Prevented American goods from reaching Germany (negative) United States’ involvement Submarine warfare – U-boats (Response to blockade) Sinking of the Lusitania (1) (4:50) Growing involvement toward intervention Zimmermann Note (2) Proposed an alliance between Germany and Mexico Germany - give Mexico back their territory lost to the US

War at Home Taxes (progressive taxes and excise taxes) February 28, 2019 Expanding roll of government in economy What is “economy?” Production, exchange, distribution of goods and services Movement toward a more “command economy” Consumer goods  war supplies (retooling) “Selling” the War – 4 major ways Taxes (progressive taxes and excise taxes) War Revenue Act Helped increase taxes for the war Progressive The more you make, the more you’re taxed Excise Tax on a sale or production of good Selling of bonds: Borrow money from public and return interest to them Printing more money Propaganda Images/text used to make people believe a certain thing

Wilson - Peace Wilson’s Fourteen Points: February 28, 2019 Wilson - Peace Wilson’s Fourteen Points: Approach to post-World War I era Aimed at preventing another war (1) (match to causes) No secret treaties - Freedom of seas - Lower or abolish tariffs - Arms reduction - Colonial rights should be respected - Treaty of Versailles Officially ended war between Germany and the allied powers (Map) Creation of a League of Nations (lyrics) (3) Provided a forum for nations to discuss and settle grievances Precursor to the United Nations Failure: (Problem 1) United States did not join No armed forces to back it up Results of War in America Anti-immigration Hysteria Hatred for many European immigrants (esp. Central Powers) Red Scare The fear of Communism spreading to the US Research: Why does the United States fear Communism? Great Migration African Americans moving north to industries Women’s Suffrage 19th Amendment US Isolationism “Stay out” philosophy Began with not joining the League of Nations

Roaring 20s Causes: Results: Calvin Coolidge February 28, 2019 Causes: Calvin Coolidge Kept taxes down Helped to increase credit Little government interference  private enterprise to flourish Results: Increase in Standard of Living Increase in wages (35%) Superficial Prosperity Productivity increase  businesses expanded Created a larger gap between working class and upper class Farm production – produced more than what was needed Buying Goods on Credit Installment plan – buy goods over an extended period of time Banks provided low interest loans Advertisement pushed these plans