The Endocrine System Controls many body functions

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
The Endocrine System Controls many body functions
Advertisements

The Endocrine System 8 Lesson 8.1: Functions and Control of the Endocrine System Lesson 8.2: Major Endocrine Organs Lesson 8.3: Endocrine Disorders and.
4.03/4.04 Remember the structures and understand the functions of the endocrine system 1.
Endocrine System Chp 13.
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM The endocrine glands secrete hormones into the blood. The endocrine glands secrete hormones into the blood. The endocrine glands are The.
The endocrine system HBS 3A.
The Endocrine System (11.0)
The Endocrine System Are your hormones runnin’ wild?
Hormones By: dr. hassan el-banna.
Regulatory mechanisms in animals. Regulatory pathways Homeostasis is maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment within an organism This is.
The Endocrine System. Controls many body functions  exerts control by releasing special chemical substances into the blood called hormones  Hormones.
Endocrine System. Structure of the Endocrine System A network of Endocrine glands A network of Endocrine glands –Ductless (tubeless) organs or groups.
The Endocrine System Controls many body functions
The endocrine system. The Endocrine System Controls many body functions ◦ exerts control by releasing special chemical substances into the blood called.
Endocrine System Ch. 51.
Human Anatomy, 3rd edition
Major Endocrine Organs
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Module 11.
The Endocrine System Controls many body functions –exerts control by releasing special chemical substances into the blood called hormones –Hormones affect.
Chapter 10 Pathology. Controls many body functions exerts control by releasing special chemical substances into the blood called hormones Hormones affect.
8 Lesson 8.1: Functions and Control of the Endocrine System Lesson 8.2: Major Endocrine Organs Lesson 8.3: Endocrine Disorders and Diseases The Endocrine.
Lesson 8.2 Major Endocrine Organs Chapter 8: The Endocrine System.
ENDOCRINE GLANDS I- HYPOTHALAMUS AND PITUITARY GLAND ● Endocrine glands are located throughout the body. Two organs, the hypothalamus and the pituitary.
The Endocrine System Human Physiology.
The Endocrine System. Major Glands of the Endocrine System Pituitary Gland –Anterior and Posterior Pineal Gland Hypothalamus Thyroid Gland Parathyroid.
4.04 Understand the Functions and Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
4.04 Understand the Functions and Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
The endocrine system Advanced Health.
13/11/
The Endocrine System.
The Endocrine System.
Endocrine System.
Chapter 11 Endocrine System.
Hormones and the glands that send them
The Endocrine System 8 Lesson 8.1: Functions and Control of the Endocrine System Lesson 8.2: Major Endocrine Organs Lesson 8.3: Endocrine Disorders and.
The Endocrine System Glands and Hormones.
Hormones.
The body’s slower, chemical communication system
Endocrine System Chapter 9.
Endocrine System Chapter 10.
The Endocrine System Controls many body functions
The Endocrine System.
By: Taina and Bounitt Velez
Endocrine System Hormone Homeostasis - Unit 1.
Chapter 45 Endocrine System Chemical Signals in Animals.
4.04 Understand the Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Endocrine System Introduction Video
9 The Endocrine System.
CHEMICAL SIGNALS IN ANIMALS
Its Parts and Functions
Hormones that affect metabolism
The Endocrine System Linda Lu and Veleda Tam.
The Endocrine System Controls many body functions
Endocrine System.
The Endocrine System Controls many body functions
Endocrine System at a Glance
CHEMICAL SIGNALS IN ANIMALS
Endocrine System Biology 12.
General Animal Biology
The Endocrine System Controls many body functions
Chapter 2 The Endocrine System.
The Endocrine System.
Chapter 14 Endocrine System.
4.04 Understand the Functions and Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM FUNCTION.
Endocrine System Remember: Your nervous system senses impulses over a system of wire-like neurons that carry messages from one cell to another The term.
The Endocrine System Controls many body functions
By the end of this presentation, you will know:
Presentation transcript:

The Endocrine System Controls many body functions exerts control by releasing special chemical substances into the blood called hormones Hormones affect other endocrine glands or body systems Derives its name from the fact that various glands release hormones directly into the blood, which in turn transports the hormones to target tissues via ducts.

The Endocrine System Pituitary gland: a small gland located on a stalk hanging from the base of the brain – also known as: “The Master Gland” Primary function is to control other glands. Produces many hormones. Secretion is controlled by the hypothalamus in the base of the brain. Consists of several glands located in various parts of the body.

The Endocrine System The two segments are: Posterior Pituitary: produces oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) Anterior Pituitary: produces thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) growth hormone (GH) adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) The Pituitary Gland is divided into 2 areas, which differ structurally and functionally each area has separate types of hormone production.

Posterior Pituitary stimulates uterine contraction Oxytocin stimulates uterine contraction causes “let down” of milk from the breast. ADH (vasopressin) causes the kidney to retain water.

Anterior Pituitary Primarily regulates other endocrine glands … Growth hormone (GH)  glucose usage  consumption of fats as an energy source ACTH stimulates the adrenal cortex to release its hormones FSH & LH stimulates maturation & release of eggs from ovary. TSH stimulates the thyroid gland to release its hormones, thus  metabolic rate

The Thyroid Gland Produces: thyroxine (T4) triiodothyronine (T3) When stimulated (by TSH or by cold), these are released into the circulatory system and  the metabolic rate. “C” cells within the thyroid produce the hormone calcitonin. The Thyroid Gland lies in the anterior neck just below the larynyx.

The Endocrine System Calcitonin, when released, lowers the amount of calcium in the blood. Inadequate levels of thyroid hormones = hypothyroidism symptoms: Facial bloating weakness cold intolerance lethargy altered mental status oily skin and hair TX: replacement of thyroid hormone.

Increased thyroid hormone release causes hyperthyroidism, commonly called Graves’ disease. Signs and symptoms: insomnia, fatigue tachycardia hypertension heat intolerance weight loss Long term hyperthyroidism: Exopthalmos bulging of the eyeballs (picture Barbara Bush) In severe cases - a medical emergency called thyrotoxicosis can result.

The Endocrine System Parathyroid Glands small, pea-shaped glands, located in the neck near the thyroid usually 4 - number can vary regulate the level of calcium in the body produce parathyroid hormone -  level of calcium in blood Hypocalcemia can result if parathyroids are removed or destroyed.

The Endocrine System Islets of Langerhans Pancreas specialized tissues in which the endocrine functions of the pancreas occurs include 3 types of cells: alpha ( ) beta () delta () each secretes an important hormone. Pancreas a key gland located in the folds of the duodenum has both endocrine and exocrine functions secretes several key digestive enzymes

The Endocrine System Adrenal Glands 2 small glands that sit atop both kidneys. Each has 2 divisions, each with different functions. the Adrenal Medulla secretes the catecholamine hormones norepinephrine and epinephrine (closely related to the sympathetic component of the autonomic nervous system).

The Endocrine System One at a time… gluticocorticoids: accounts for 95% of adrenal cortex hormone production  the level of glucose in the blood Released in response to stress, injury, or serious infection - like the hormones from the adrenal medulla. The Adrenal Cortex secretes 3 classes of hormones, all steroid hormones: gluticocorticoids mineralocorticoids androgenic hormones

The Endocrine System Mineralocorticoids: work to regulate the concentration of potassium and sodium in the body. Prolonged  in adrenal cortex hormone results in Cushing’s Disease. Signs & Symptoms of Cushing’s Disease:  in blood sugar levels unusual body fat distribution rapid mood swings

The Endocrine System Sodium can also be retained by the kidney, resulting in hyponatremia. Causes: dysrhythmias coma death usually results from a tumor - TX? Removal of tumor. And - if there is an  in mineralocorticoids as well A serious electolyte imbalance will occur due to the  potassium excretion by the kidney, which results in hypokalemia.

The Endocrine System Gonads and Ovaries: the endocrine glands associated with human reproduction. Female ovaries produce eggs Male gonads produce sperm both have endocrine functions. Ovaries: located in the abdominal cavity adjacent to the uterus. Under the control of LH and FSH from the anterior pituitary they manufacture oestrogen protesterone

The Endocrine System Oestrogen and Progesterone have several functions, including sexual development and preparation of the uterus for implantation of the egg. Testes: located in the scrotum produce sperm for reproduction manufacture testosterone - promotes male growth and masculinization Controlled by anterior pituitary hormones FSH and LH.

The Endocrine System Endocrine Emergencies: Diabetes Mellitus one of the most common diseases  insulin secretion by the Beta () cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. Complications of Diabetes: contributes to heart disease stroke kidney disease blindness