The Emergence of Nationalism & Liberalism Mr. Meester AP European History Pages: 656-662

Emergence of Nationalism Nationalism would emerge as the single most powerful political ideology of the 1800’s & 1900’s The idea of nations was a pretty new concept In the early 1800’s it was a direct response to the principles of the Congress of Vienna Nationalism was often linked to popular sovereignty

Nations & Nationhood In the early 1800’s small groups of nationalists spread the concept of a nation Language, Culture, and history were very important The print culture of the age was also influential Nationhood became a important concept Reasons for nationhood varied and there were significant difficulties facing the nationalists

Regions of Nationalism During the 1800’s six different regions saw nationalist movements that challenged the old order in Europe Ireland, German States, Italy, Poland, Austrian Empire, and the Balkans Nationalist activity rose and fell in these areas throughout the 1800’s and beyond

Liberalism In the 1800’s liberal was a label applied to anyone who challenged the mainstream political, social, or religious values Politically, liberals believed in the ideas of the Enlightenment Limiting the power of the government, constitutions, etc. Liberals tended to be educated upper middle class, but felt excluded in some way politically

Liberal economics Economically they believed in the ideas of Adam Smith’s The Wealth of Nations Didn’t like government regulations They wanted freedom in Economics Exact policies varied nation to nation England vs France vs German States

Liberalism & Nationalism The two ideologies weren’t linked and at time actually opposed each other Some nationalist groups actually opposed or wanted to control other ethnic groups Other nationalists had no interest in liberal ideas Others, however, combined them to various levels of success