New Industries and New Politics Chapter 9

Why did cotton come to be known as King Cotton in the early 1800’s? Essential Question: Why did cotton come to be known as King Cotton in the early 1800’s?

The “Era of Good Feelings”? (1816 -1824)

What were the major characteristics of the “Era of Good Feeling?” Essential Question: What were the major characteristics of the “Era of Good Feeling?”

The Center of Population Moves West 1790 - 1970

Ways West: The Erie Canal Land Act of 1820: minimum of 80 acres at $1.25 acre Encouraged European Americans to move west 1825: Erie Canal completed Great economic, political, and religious significance Engineering feat Raised the material standard of living of people outside of the cities Farm towns changed to robust trading centers

The Erie Canal (1817 – 1825) * 363 miles Albany to Buffalo. * Much further than any other American or European canal.

Principal Canals Built By 1860

The American System WEST  got roads, canals, and federal aide. EAST  got the backing of protective tariffs from the West. SOUTH  ??

The Panic of 1819 CAUSES???

The Panic of 1819 and the Plight of Western Debtors European markets re-establishing themselves from the wars. Industries can not keep up with cotton demand. Price of cotton declines from 32.5 cents a pound to 14 cents in the matter of months leading into 1819. Banks call in loans and debts. A National Economy was a new thing.

The Election of 1820

The Politics Behind Western Migration: The Missouri Compromise of 1820 Proposals James Tallmadge: free state Pinckney: favored states’ rights The Compromise Missouri joined Union as slave state Maine joined Union as a free state In future, slavery prohibited north of 36° 30’ line (Louisiana Purchase lands)

The Missouri Compromise - 1820

Landmark Supreme Court Cases: McCulloch v. Maryland “The power to tax involves the power to destroy” – John Marshall Court affirmed that Constitution has a “loose construction” meaning that the Constitution was created “to be adapted to the various crises of human affairs” to preserve its relevance through time.

The Election of 1824: The “Corrupt Bargain”

The Election of 1824: The “Corrupt Bargain” Candidate Popular Vote Electoral Vote Andrew Jackson 43% 99 J.Q. Adams 31% 84 William Crawford 13% 41 Henry Clay 37

Andrew Jackson’s Rise to Power Presidential Election of 1824: four candidates No clear majority All are Democratic Republicans Representative Henry Clay: withdrew from race, promising Jackson support Secretary of State John Quincy Adams: named Clay secretary of state Senator Andrew Jackson: charged Adams of corruption

1828 Election Results

Andrew Jackson’s Rise to Power Election of 1828 John Quincy Adam’s party – the National Republicans Andrew Jackson’s party – the Democrats Jackson overwhelmingly victorious in 1828 The “spoils system” and politics of the “common man”

The Reign of “King Mob”

Jackson’s Faith in the “Common Man” Intense distrust of Eastern “establishment,” monopolies, & special privilege. His heart & soul was with the “plain folk.” Belief that the common man was capable of uncommon achievements.

Chapter 9 Summary and Review On page 290-291 answer questions 2, 5, & 7. For each question write a thesis (underline it) and give 2-3 supporting pieces of evidence to your thesis and analyze the evidence and how it supports your thesis. Responses should be a health paragraph in length.

“Era of Good Feelings” Nationalism & Sectionalism DBQ “Era of Good Feelings” Nationalism & Sectionalism