ESD Procedures for the Electronics Industry Three areas of focus: • Personnel • Work Stations • Work Areas TRN0052 Rev 00

ESD Background Over time technological advances have allowed us to miniaturize electronics which has yielded smaller electronics hardware with increased functionality and reduced weight. This miniaturization comes with a heightened responsibility for protecting the hardware from potential ESD damage. TRN0052 Rev 00

Typical Electrostatic Voltages vs. Relative Humidity Means of Static Generation 10 to 30 % RH 30 to 70% 70 to 90% Walking across a carpet 35,000 volts 7,500 volts 1,500 volts Walking over vinyl floor 12,000 volts 3,000 volts 250 volts Worker at bench 6,000 volts 400 volts 100 volts Vinyl envelopes for work instructions 7,000 volts 600 volts Common poly bag picked up from bench 20,000 volts 6,500 volts 1,200 volts Work chair padded with polyurethane foam 18,000 volts 5,000 volts TRN0052 Rev 00

ESD Background “Whereas an individual can “feel” static (as in touching a doorknob) at about 3,500 volts, and actually “see” it as a momentary spark at about 5,000 volts, some microelectronic parts can be damaged or destroyed by a jolt of considerably less than 100 volts.” * * Phil Kohlhaas, Static Control Systems Div., 3M, St. Paul Minn. 55144, ELECTRONICS, August 1984 TRN0052 Rev 00

How Static is Generated • Contact & Separation • Walking • Peeling • Rubbing TRN0052 Rev 00

Static Control can: • Improve product Reliability • Improve product Quality • Reduce Failures •Reduce Down-time TRN0052 Rev 00

Impact of Ignoring ESD Higher cost for manufacturer and user. Lower product quality. Unhappy customers, especially if part or assembly fails at a critical time. TRN0052 Rev 00

ESD Failure Modes •Catastrophic Failures •Degraded Performance 1) Shortened Life Span 2) Shift in Performance TRN0052 Rev 00

Treat the Components or Assembly as if it is Static Sensitive! Not Sure? Treat the Components or Assembly as if it is Static Sensitive! TRN0052 Rev 00

Definitions ESD: ESDS: ESD Sensitive parts/assemblies ElectroStatic Discharge A transfer of electrostatic charge between bodies at different electrostatic potentials caused by direct contact or induced by an electrostatic field. Lightning: a mega ESD event ESDS: ESD Sensitive parts/assemblies TRN0052 Rev 00

Personnel Requirements Must be ground at all times while handling sensitive parts i.e. wrist strap while at workstation or heel straps in conjunction with static controlled flooring Anti-static shop clothing, anti-static nylon or some other approved materiel must be worn by personnel in ESDS protected areas. i.e. the cleanroom TRN0052 Rev 00

Proper technique Right Wrong!!! TRN0052 Rev 00

Work Station Requirements Work Stations must be connected to an earth ground. Must keep static generating items one meter away from ESDS hardware. i.e. paper, most plastics, personal effects, CRT’s, test equipment etc. Work surface must be of a static dissipative material. Personnel will perform operations with ESDS items on a special grounded workbench which includes a grounded wrist strap for the person. TRN0052 Rev 00

Work Area Requirements Where applicable ESDS protected areas shall extend a minimum of one meter from the periphery of the ESDS work area (i.e. work surface or other area where ESDS parts or assemblies are processed. When transporting ESDS hardware outside of ESDS Work Area, it must be protected in suitable container. All uncoupled connectors shall have snug fitting dust caps (metal or conductive non-metal) installed or be suitably protected. TRN0052 Rev 00

Summary Personnel must be grounded when processing ESD hardware. Hardware must be protected from ESD until it can be processed in an approved ESD work area. Work areas must be clear of static producing materials TRN0052 Rev 00

4 Rules for Static Control Rule 1: Handle Static Sensitive Components at a Static Control Work Area. Wrist Straps Table Mats Floor Mats and Shoe Straps Ionizers To remove static from personnel- use constant monitors To remove static from conductive objects on the table top To remove static from personnel as they approach the workbench To remove static from plastic, paper, styrofoam, clothing and other Non-conductors which cannot be grounded TRN0052 Rev 00

4 Rules for Static Control Rule 2: Transport and Store Static Sensitive Components and Assemblies in a Static Shielding Container Static Shielding Bags- closed and sealed Conductive Tote Boxes- with covers Conductive Containers- LRU’s with conductive caps TRN0052 Rev 00

4 Rules for Static Control Rule 3: Make Certain that your Suppliers Follow Rule 1 & Rule 2. TRN0052 Rev 00

4 Rules for Static Control Rule 4: Monitor and Maintain your Static Control Process. Test the Static Control Materials Document your Process Train your Personnel TRN0052 Rev 00

Evaluation Why do we have ESD controls? What ESD controls do we use? Name:__________Date:_____ Why do we have ESD controls? What ESD controls do we use? How do you identify ESD areas? What do you do if you are unsure if material requires ESD controls? TRN0052 Rev 00 Pass / Fail