How do you get charges on an element?

An ion is an element with a charge Na+ Cl-

Charges can be positive or negative If I want a negative charge, I simply add an electron Remember electrons are negative Cl-

Charges can be positive or negative If I want a positive charge can I add a proton?

Charges can be positive or negative If I want a positive charge can I add a proton?

Charges can be positive or negative You can never ever ever ever ever ever ever ever never ever ever ever add a proton. Why? What happens if I add a proton? You change the element. Protons are in the nucleus and we do not want to mess with that

Charges can be positive or negative So how do I get a positive charge? You LOSE an electron

Charges can be positive or negative So how do I get a positive charge? You LOSE an electron Na+

So how do I know if I will gain or lose an electron? Every element wants to have a full outer shell. Some times it’s easier to lose an electron rather than gain many. Sometimes it’s easier to gain a few electrons rather than lose many. It’s all about that outer shell (valence electrons)

http://images.slideplayer.com/26/8302819/slides/slide_8.jpg 1 8A 2 3A

All of these would have a POSITIVE 1 charge 2 3A 5A 6A 7A It is easier to LOSE 1 electron than it is to gain 7 so GROUP 1 elements LOSE 1 electron All of these would have a POSITIVE 1 charge http://images.slideplayer.com/26/8302819/slides/slide_8.jpg

All of these would have a POSTIVE 2 charge 1 8A 2 3A 5A 6A 7A It is easier to LOSE 2 electrons than it is to gain 6 so GROUP 2 elements lose 2 electrons All of these would have a POSTIVE 2 charge http://images.slideplayer.com/26/8302819/slides/slide_8.jpg

All of these would have a POSITIVE 3 charge 1 8A 2 3A 5A 6A 7A It is easier to LOSE 3 electron than it is to gain 5 so GROUP 3A elements lose 3 electrons All of these would have a POSITIVE 3 charge http://images.slideplayer.com/26/8302819/slides/slide_8.jpg

All of these would have a NEGATIVE 3 charge 1 8A 2 3A 5A 6A 7A It is easier to GAIN 3 electrons than it is to lose 5 so GROUP 5A elements gain 3 electrons All of these would have a NEGATIVE 3 charge http://images.slideplayer.com/26/8302819/slides/slide_8.jpg

All of these would have a NEGATIVE 2 charge 1 8A 2 3A 5A 6A 7A It is easier to GAIN 2 electrons than it is to lose 6 so GROUP 6A elements gain 2 electrons All of these would have a NEGATIVE 2 charge http://images.slideplayer.com/26/8302819/slides/slide_8.jpg

All of these would have a NEGATIVE 1 charge 2 3A 5A 6A 7A It is easier to GAIN 1 electron than it is to lose 7 so GROUP 7A elements gain 1 electron All of these would have a NEGATIVE 1 charge http://images.slideplayer.com/26/8302819/slides/slide_8.jpg

1 8A 2 3A 5A 6A 7A GROUP 8A already has a full shell so it will neither gain nor lose any electrons http://images.slideplayer.com/26/8302819/slides/slide_8.jpg

GAIN ELECTRONS NEGATIVE CHARGES LOSE ELECTRONS POSITIVE CHARGE 1 8A 2 3A 5A 6A 7A GAIN ELECTRONS NEGATIVE CHARGES LOSE ELECTRONS POSITIVE CHARGE http://images.slideplayer.com/26/8302819/slides/slide_8.jpg

Electron Configuration ELEMENT PERIOD GROUP CHARGE H 1 (+1) H+ He 18 none Ne Li 2 Li+ Be (+2) Be2+ B 3a (+3) B3+ N 5a (-3) N3- O 6a (-2) O2- F 7a (-1) F- 8a Na 3 Na+ Mg Mg2+ Al Al3+ P P3- S S2- Cl Cl- Ar K 4 K+ Ca Ca2+ Electron Configuration

The ability to attract electrons. Electronegativity The ability to attract electrons. How badly the element wants to gain electrons Increases as you move from left to right along a period GAIN ELECTRONS NEGATIVE CHARGES INCREASE

https://image. slidesharecdn https://image.slidesharecdn.com/theperiodictableperiodiclaw-121124175209-phpapp02/95/the-periodic-table-periodic-law-58-638.jpg?cb=1353779827