1. Notes: Ions 11/7 EQ: How do you find the ionic charge of an atom?

2. The Rule of 8 In general, atoms are most stable when they have 8 electrons in their valence shell. Atoms will gain or lose electrons until they have a full valence shell. When atoms gain or lose electrons, they gain a net charge. Charged atoms are called ions.

3. Ions - metals “Metals are losers... I’m positive!” With 1-3 valence electrons… it is easiest to lose valence e- Metals lose (-) charge…making positive ions! (+) charge = Group # Li, Na = +1 Mg, Ca = +2…

4. Ions … Non-metals Non-metals gain e - With 5-7 valence electrons… it is easier to steal electrons Gain electrons  negative ions! Calculating charge: charge = [Group# - 8] F, Cl = -1 O, S = -2… Oxygen: 6A – 8 = -2 charge

5. Noble Gases 8A elements have a full valence shell. No gain, no loss, no ions

6. Notation Ionic charge is written in the top right corner. Li + Mg 2+ P 3- O 2- (+) metals(-) nonmetals