TYPES OF GOVERNMENT AIM: How does government differ around the globe?

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Presentation transcript:

TYPES OF GOVERNMENT AIM: How does government differ around the globe?

I. Classifying Government No two governments are, or ever have been alike. Over time, political scientists have developed many basic classifications of government. Three of which are: A. who can participate in the governing process B. the geographic distribution of governmental power within the state C. the relationship between the legislative (lawmaking) and the executive (law executing) branches of government

A. Who can participate? This is the most meaningful to many people because it is the one that depends on the number of people who can take part in the governing process. There are two basics forms to think about here. 1) Democracy 2) Dictatorship

II. Democracy Supreme political authority rests with the people. The people hold the sovereign power. The government is conducted only by and with consent of the people.

III. 2 Basic Forms of Democracy: Direct (Pure): public policy is created directly by the people themselves in mass meetings. 2) Indirect (the representative): a small group of persons, chosen by the people to act as their representatives, expresses the popular will. * Which one is the American form?

IV. Dictatorship Exists where those who rule cannot be held responsible to the will of the people. The government is not accountable for its policies, nor how they are carried out. This is probably the oldest, and is certainly the most common, form of government known in history. All dictatorships are authoritarian: those in power hold absolute and unchallengeable authority over the people.

V. Different forms of Dictatorship: 1) Autocracy: a single person holds unlimited political power! Although these have existed, only a few exist today. 2) Oligarchy: the power to rule is held by a small, usually self appointed, elite. What else does this sound like? * Modern dictatorships tend to also be totalitarian: they exercise complete power over nearly every aspect of human affairs.

Leading Examples of Dictatorship: These regimes are typically militaristic in character and usually gain power by force. BENITO MUSSOLINI Joseph Stalin Adolf Hitler Vladimir Lenin Can you think of any other examples?

B. Geographic Distribution of Power In every system of government, the power to govern is located in one or more places geographically. From this standpoint, three basic forms of governments exist: 1) Unitary 2) Federal 3) Confederate

VI. Unitary Government Often described as a centralized government. All powers held by the government belong to a single, central agency. Local governments only have the power that the centralized government allows them. This is not the same as a dictatorship! Why?

OMG! We ARE NOT a dictatorship! A little example: OMG! We ARE NOT a dictatorship!

VII. Confederate Government An alliance of independent states with a central organization. This government has the power to handle only those matters that member states have assigned to it. Most often, they do not have the power to make laws that apply to individuals. Its main job is to make it possible for several states to cooperate in matters of common concern. What does this remind you of?

C. Relationships Between Legislative and Executive Branches This grouping yields two basic forms: 1) Presidential 2) Parliamentary

VIII. Presidential Government: Features separation of powers between legislative and executive branches of government. These branches are independent of each other and are coequal. The Chief executive is chosen independently of the legislature, holds office for a fixed term, and has a number of significant powers. The United States is the worlds leading example of a presidential government…we invented the form!

IX. Parliamentary Government The executive is made up of the Prime Minister, or Premier, and the officials cabinet. Voters elect the legislature, which elects the executive. The prime minister and their cabinet stay in power as long as their policies and administration have support of the majority of parliament. A majority of governmental systems in the world today are parliamentary, not presidential. !

RANDOM…. Word Definition acracy government by none; anarchy adhocracy government in an unstructured fashion; an unstructured organization albocracy government by white people androcracy government by men anemocracy government by the wind or by whim angelocracy government by angels argentocracy government by money aristarchy government by the best aristocracy government by the nobility barbarocracy government by barbarians beerocracy government by brewers or brewing interests bestiocracy rule by beasts cannonarchy government by superior firepower or by cannons cosmarchy rulership over the entire world, esp. by the devil cottonocracy government by those involved in the cotton trade cryptarchy secret rulership demonarchy government by a demon demonocracy government by demons or evil forces

Promoting Direct Democracy

Dictatorship

Dictatorship

Totalitarianism

Democracy (Indirect)

Make your own Political Cartoon Draw a cartoon showing similarities between 2 forms of government. Draw a cartoon showing contrasts or differences between 2 forms. ex:(Presidential, Parliamentary, Dictatorship, Totalitarianism) Next, for each cartoon write 1 paragraph write-up on what your cartoon means, what government you are talking about, its definition Explain it’s characteristics as they relate to: A. Who can participate in the governing process! C. the relationship between the legislative (lawmaking) and the executive (law executing) branches of government!