Manifest Destiny Expansion West

“American Progress”

the events that will happen in the future. Manifest clear or obvious Destiny the events that will happen in the future.

Manifest Destiny The belief that it was God’s plan for the U.S. to expand across North America from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean Mexico

Americans Move West Oregon Trail Midwest Farming Mormons & Brigham Young Midwest Farming John Deere Cyrus McCormick

The U.S. in 1820

Texas Independence

Mexico had gained its independence from Spain by 1821

Texas Very few Mexican settlers migrated to Texas because of violent clashes with Native Americans there Mission system: Missionaries tried to convert Native Americans to Catholicism

Mexico invited US settlers to Texas by offering fertile land for cheap US settlers promised to obey Mexican laws US starts to eye Texas Adams offers $1 million Jackson ups it to $5 million Mexico says NO WAY

By the 1830s, most people in Texas were American and spoke English Population in Texas By the 1830s, most people in Texas were American and spoke English Many were southern farmers with slaves

Texas Population in 1836 3,500 Tejanos (Mexicans living in Texas) 12,000 Native Americans 45,000 English-speakers 5,000 Slaves

Texas Mexico had abolished slavery and wanted Texas residents to free their slaves Americans living in Texas refused and ignored Mexican law Thousands of Americans continued to move into the territory for the fertile land

Texas In 1830 Mexico sealed the Texas border and began to tax US goods heavily Mexico’s capitol was far away and it lacked the troops to protect the border Americans continued to flood into Texas Texas

The Texas Revolution Stephen Austin went to Mexico to ask President Santa Anna for more self-governance in Texas Santa Anna imprisoned Austin for rebelling Series of rebellions broke out Santa Anna sent troops to put down the rebellions and force Texans to obey Mexican laws

“Remember the Alamo!” The Alamo was an abandoned mission Mexican troops killed all 187 Texan defenders Jim Bowie and Davy Crockett http://www.history.com/topics/us-states/texas/videos/deconstructing-history-alamo

Texas Gains Independence After capturing the Mexican President Santa Anna and forcing him to sign a treaty, Texas gained its independence from Mexico

Free Slave Texas Republic Asked to join U.S. U.S. ignored Texas because it would have been added as a slave state and at that time, Congress was split evenly between slave states and free states Free Slave

Election of 1844 Election based on westward expansion James K. Polk wanted to annex Texas and won

Texas is Annexed 1845- Texas became 28th state of the U.S. The Mexican government was furious when the U.S. annexed Texas

Polk sent U.S. troops into territory disputed with Mexico He knew this could lead Mexico to attack the U.S. Mexico attacked Polk told Congress that Mexico attacked U.S. soldiers on U.S. soil Congress declared war on Mexico

The War with Mexico The U.S. attacked on two fronts and overwhelmed Mexico First, U.S. forces occupied California Second, American troops invaded Mexico from Texas and occupied much of northern Mexico U.S. troops eventually captured the capitol of Mexico, Mexico City, in August 1846 As the war was coming to a quick end, President Polk sent representatives to Mexico to end the war.

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Ended the War with Mexico Set the border at Rio Grande River Mexico ceded the territories of California and New Mexico US paid Mexico $15 million

Effects of the War US controlled all of land from East coast to west coast (Manifest Destiny come true!) Gold Rush in California