1. APUSH Chapter 13 p
Expansion in Texas

2. Americans settle the Southwest
During the three centuries of Spanish rule only a few thousand Mexican settlers live in Texas
Mexico wins independence from Spain in 1821.
Who are the Tejanos?

3. Impact of Mexican Independence
Strengthen ties with the United States
Increased trade opportunities
Northern provinces (Texas) trade more with U.S. than with rest of Mexico
Difficult to control such a large area of land

4. Mexico Invites U.S. settlers
Why did Mexico encourage U.S. farmers to settle there?
To prevent border violations by thieves & to protect the territory from Indian attacks
What did Mexico use to attract these settlers?
Land Grants
What happened to the Mexican population in Texas?

5. Growth of Texas
As more people settle in Texas, many in America want to annex the territory.
President Jackson offers to buy Texas for $5 Million.
Why did Mexico regret the decision to open its borders?

6. Tension in Mexico & Texas Independence
Tensions grow in Texas over cultural differences and the emergence of slavery
Most Mexicans are Catholic and speak Spanish, while most settlers are Protestant and speak English
What does the Mexican Government do to halt immigration?
In 1830 Mexico seals its borders and put a heavy tax on American goods

7. Texas Revolution
New residents of Texas did not take kindly to increased restrictions
Led to revolts that would become the Texas Revolution
1835 Texan forces drive Mexicans from the Alamo near San Antonio

8. Remember the Alamo 187 Texans vs. over 4,000 Mexican troops
Davy Crockett fights for Texas
The Texans held their ground for 12 days
All 187 Texans die and Mexico claims the fort
The Alamo

10. Republic of Texas When did Texas declare itself independent?
1836
Who did the Texans compare themselves to?
American Colonists sixty years earlier

11. Texas Joins the Union Sam Houston is the first President
Texas joins the U.S. in 1845
Which region of the U.S. supported the Annexation of TX? Why?
Sam Houston

12. The Mexican-American War

13. James K. Polk 11th President of the U.S.
Saw war with Mexico as a way to complete the manifest destiny of the U.S.
Thought war victory would allow U.S. to control CA & NM
Added more territory to U.S. than any other President

14. Sectional Attitudes Toward War
Two reasons the South favors the war:
Extend slavery
Increase Southern power in Congress
Two reasons the North opposed the war:
Plot to expand slavery
Extend Southern domination of the Union

15. Wilmot Proviso p. 294 What compromise does this contradict?
States that slavery will be prohibited in all lands that might be gained from Mexico
Southerners saw this as an attack on their state’s rights and turned the debate over war with Mexico into a debate over slavery

16. The Mexican American War
The American Invasion of Mexico lasted about one year
25,000 Mexicans died in the war
13,000 Americans died in the war
The war increased the territory of the U.S. by 1/3

17. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Ends the Mexican-American War
Three stipulations of the treaty:
Rio Grande River is new border with Texas
Mexico cedes CA & NM to U.S.
U.S. pays $15 million for the Mexican cession
What happens to the Mexican citizens in these areas?
They become American Citizens