Genomes Section 6.3

Genomes Learning Goal: To explore the important applications of genome research. Success Criteria: I know I am succeeding when I can… explain the significance of the Human Genome Project compare and contrast different genomes explain the importance of DNA banks describe the uses of forensic DNA evidence explain how the National DNA Data Bank and DNA fingerprinting helps law enforcement agencies

The Human Genome Project Human Genome Project (HGP): a collaborative worldwide project to sequence the nitrogenous bases in human DNA launched in 1990 and results published in 2000 In the 1920s, Phoebus Levene discovered that DNA had three main components: About 3 billion pairs of nucleotides make up the human genome. “We finished the genomic map, now we can’t figure out to fold it.”

The Human Genome human genome: the sequence of DNA nitrogenous bases found on the 23 sets of chromosomes in humans coding DNA: a region of DNA that contains a sequence of nucleotides that will be expressed; a gene non-coding DNA: a region of DNA that does not contain a sequence of nucleotides that will be expressed made up of about 3 billion base pairs Little as 2% of the human genome Junk DNA

Other Genomes different genomes contain different numbers of genes the number of genes is not proportional to genome size human genome contains approximately 20 000 genes

Other Genomes functional genomics: the study of the relationship between genes and their function scientists study other organisms that are genetically similar to humans called model organism because the mouse genome is very similar to the human genome in gene function they are model organisms for human genetic studies

DNA Identification people can now have their DNA screened for numerous genetic disorders DNA banks can be used to store DNA for future use can store DNA of endangered species and plants, as well as fish

DNA Identification Cont’d… DNA fingerprinting a pattern of bands on a gel that is unique to each individual forensic DNA evidence is frequently used in Canadian criminal trials used to link a suspect to a crime the National DNA Data Bank in Canada stores the DNA of convicted criminals DNA fingerprinting may be used to settle paternity suits, determine ancestry, locate long-lost relatives, or identify remains

Genomes Learning Goal: To explore the important applications of genome research. Success Criteria: I know I am succeeding when I can… explain the significance of the Human Genome Project compare and contrast different genomes explain the importance of DNA banks describe the uses of forensic DNA evidence explain how the National DNA Data Bank and DNA fingerprinting helps law enforcement agencies

Activity: Create a Fingerprint use an interactive online activity to create a DNA fingerprint of a suspect to solve a crime NOVA Create a DNA Fingerprint In the 1920s, Phoebus Levene discovered that DNA had three main components: About 3 billion pairs of nucleotides make up the human genome.

Homework read pages 240-244 in your text answer 6.3 questions #1-8