WWII begins – US Neutrality – Pictures of Pearl Harbor

What is Fascism? Fascism = When private power (or ownership of the Govt by an individual or group) becomes more powerful than democratic state ***advocated intense nationalism, obedience to party leader, racism, Social Darwinism*** 1st introduced by Benito Mussolini in Italy in the 1920s Fascism leads to rise of dictatorships in Europe

Which dictators came to power at this time? Germany = Adolf Hitler (admired Mussolini) Mein Kampf 1925 Helps pull Germany out of depression by violating treaty of Versailles Soviet Union = Joseph Stalin Japan = Tojo Japanese Expansionism

Turn and Talk

What was the appeasement strategy? Hitler begins to violate the Treaty of Versailles Hitler unifies Austria & Germany (Anschluss) and then wants more land Sudetenland (Czechoslovakia) Munich Conference called to negotiate Appeasement = give Hitler what he wants (a little land) and avoid war

Why is this considered one of history’s most naive comments? "My good friends, for the second time in our history, a British Prime Minister has returned from Germany bringing peace with honour. I believe it is peace for our time... Go home and get a nice quiet sleep." - Neville Chamberlain 1938

Map Analysis Activity In your groups answer the following: #1) What 3 things can we assume by looking at this map? #2) How might the US respond to this Nazi expansion without getting involved?

What was the Nazi-Soviet Pact? Hitler knew if he invaded Poland that France & Britain would declare war Makes agreement with Soviet Union to divide Poland Hitler looking to avoid 2 front war – Stalin is stalling 

Today’s Primary Source Activity For each of the following….. OOPS the following political cartoons: O-Observations (identify at least 3 symbols / objects) O- Outside Information P – Perspective / Bias S – Statement on what the cartoon means

What was US Neutrality ? US focused on itself at this time (Great Depression) Congress passes Neutrality Act of 1935 making it illegal to sell weapons to countries at war Neutrality Act of 1937 = “cash and carry”

How did US avoid neutrality rules? FDR wants to help Britain and France FDR “lends” ships to Britain Lend-Lease Act = Allowed US to lend or lease weapons to whomever it wanted Atlantic Charter = US and G.B. agree on goal of a post war democratic world

What happened at Pearl Harbor? FDR pushes embargo of Japan (no more US oil, metal, etc) FDR starts Lend-Lease w/ China Japan attacks Pearl Harbor and US officials not ready Over 3,000 casualties / US declares war on Japan

Pearl Harbor Pictures