Chapter Two Physical Properties Properties of Matter

Physical Properties Physical property is a property that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance. Examples: viscosity conductivity malleability hardness Magnetism Transparency melting point boiling point density Color Brittleness

Examples of Physical Properties Viscosity of a substance is its resistance to flow. Examples: water = low viscosity honey = high viscosity Transparency is a property which allows light pass through something Conductivity is a material’s ability to allow heat to flow. Examples: metal = high conductivity wood = poor conductivity Elasticity of a substance to be stretched or compressed but return to its original size

Examples of Physical Properties Brittleness of a substance is its tendency to crack or break Malleability of a substance is its ability to be hammered into a thin sheet Melting and Boiling points are the temperatures at which a solid becomes a liquid and a liquid becomes a gas. Density of a substance is the ratio of its mass compared to its volume. Ductility is the ability to bend without breaking

Physical Properties to separate mixtures Two common separation methods: Filtration – process that separates materials based on the size of their particles. Distillation – process that separates the substances in a solution based on their boiling points.

Physical Change It is a physical change if . . . A change in the appearance, without changing the composition of the material. It is a physical change if . . . Can be reversible, or irreversible Substance may seem different, but the way the atoms link up is the same. It dissolves. It changes shape or size Or the substance changes phase.

Chemical Properties Chemical property is any ability to produce a change in the composition of matter. Examples of chemical properties . . . flammability reactivity Material’s ability to burn in the presence of oxygen. How readily a substance combines chemically with other substances. Example: Rust Reactivity with Vinegar the substance reacts with vinegar to produce a new substance.

Chemical Changes Chemical changes occur when a substance reacts and forms one or more new substances. You know a chemical change has occurred when . . . A change in color. Production of a gas. Formation of a precipitate.

What kind of change is it? physical

What kind of change is it? chemical

What kind of change is it? physical

What kind of change is it? physical

What kind of change is it? chemical

What kind of change is it? physical