GREECE
The Geography of Greece
Archaic Greece: 1650 BCE - 700 BCE
The Bronze Age Because of Bronze tools
Two concurrent civilizations emerged: Minoan on the Island of Crete
Knossos: Minoan Civilization
Minoan Civilization
The Land of Greece: Mycenaean Civilization Greek City State
Phidias’ Acropolis: Hilltop City
The Acropolis Today
Parthenon: Draw what you see
The Agora: describe what you see
Homer: The “Heroic Age”: Wrote the Illiad and the Odyssey Lots of fighting between the Greek City states
The Mask of Agamemnon
"Hellenic" (Classical) Greece: 700 BCE - 324 BCE
ATHENS: Yesterday & Today
Piraeus: Athens’ Port City
Pericles: KING that brought justice. He made Athens democratic. 460 BCE – 429 BCE
Persian Wars: 499 BCE – 480 BCE
Persian Wars: Famous Battles Marathon (490 BCE) 26 miles from Athens Thermopylae (480 BCE) 300 Spartans at the Mountain pass Salamis (480 BCE) Athenian navy victorious
The Classical Greek “Ideal” in art.
The Ancient Olympics: competition between city states.
Olympia: Temple to Hera
The 2004 Olympics
Olympia
SPARTA
SPARTA : A warrior class emerged.
Philosophers Socrates Know thyself! question everything only the pursuit of goodness brings happiness. Plato The Academy first school The world of the FORMS The Republic philosopher-king
Great Athenian Philosophers Aristotle The Lyceum: His school “Golden Mean” [everything in moderation]. Logic. Scientific method.
Athens: The Arts & Sciences DRAMA (tragedies): Aeschylus Sophocles Euripides THE SCIENCES: Pythagoras: A2+B2=C2 Democritus all matter made up of small atoms. Hippocrates “Father of Medicine”
Athenian Law Focus on the Individual Responsibility Honor Integrity
Peloponnesian Wars
Alexander the Great: Took over the throne at 19
Alexander spread the empire larger than any ruler before him.
Alexander’s goal was to spread the wisdom of Greece to the world
The Hellenization of Asia
Pergamum: A Hellenistic City
The Economy of the Hellenistic World
Hellenistic Philosophers Cynics Diogenes ignore social conventions & avoid luxuries. citizens of the world. live a humble, simple life. Epicurians Epicurus avoid pain & seek pleasure. all excess leads to pain! politics should be avoided.
Hellenism: The Arts & Sciences Mathematicians: Aristarchus heliocentric theory. Euclid geometry Archimedes pulley Hellenistic Art: More realistic; less ideal than Hellenic art. Showed individual emotions, wrinkles, and age!
The Breakup of Alexander’s Empire