Chapter 23: Tensions in the West

23.1 Introduction Americans moved west and pushed N.A around and that caused tensions

23.2 Nez Perce Friendship with Whites: Friendliest tribe and never killed a single white man Chief Joseph did not move from the land until he was forced to move Blood is Shed: Young warriors went out and killed whites American troops came and started firing their guns and were beaten by the Nez Perce’ 

The Fight to Canada: They went to Canada to be free U.S army followed and finally Nez Perce’ gave up They were sent to reservations and almost all died

23.2 New Interest in the West The Homestead Act: If you move west and live for five years you get 160 acres for free The Pacific Railroad Act: Land was given to railroad companies for the track they laid This brought more people to the West

23.4 The Railroad Builders Two railroads: Union Pacific and Central Pacific The Union Pacific Builds West: Workers lived in dangerous tent cities N.A were upset because of the invasion of their land that they started killing workers U.S army came and gave protection

The Central Pacific Builds East: Most workers left to mine for Silver Chinese workers took over and they did a better job The Two Lines Meet: They met at Promontory Point, Utah Drove a gold spike to finish the tracks

Questions What two things did Americans do to cause tensions in the west? What caused American troops to attack the Nez Perce and eventually lose a battle to them? Where were the Nez Perce’ sent and almost all of them died? What Act gave you 160 free acres of land if you moved west and lived there for five years? What Act gave land to the railroad companies if they had laid tracks on it? Why did Native Americans finally move to the reservations?

23.5 The Miners Boomtowns and Ghost Towns: Gold and Silver was found and new cities were formed Gold and Silver were gone the cities moved away Mining Changed the West: Because of mining new settlers came to the west for new opportunities

23.6 Ranchers and Cowboys The Extermination of the Buffalo: Ranchers killed buffalo and sold their parts to the East They killed ALL of the buffalo N.A went to reservations because they had no food because there were no buffalo left

The “Long Drive”: Cowboys brought their cattle to Stockyards (holding pen for cattle next to railroad tracks) They took cattle across the states and then shipped cattle by train because it was faster Stockyards were in towns called Cow Towns Dodge City was the most famous one

The End of the “Long Drive” Winter of 1887 was very cold and killed the cattle Ended cattle herding Herding brought many more people to the west

23.7 The Homesteaders The West was labeled the “Great American Desert” The Homesteaders Arrive: Different groups went to the West looking for new starts Russian Mennonites came for religious freedom

Farming the Dry Plains: Problems: lack of water, no trees to build homes and grasshoppers ate the plants Fixed Problems: pumped water from underground, built homes from sod Mennonites introduced new wheat that grew there

23.8 War on the Plains General Custer went into N.A. territory looking for gold and caused war Reservation Life: N.A. did not get food they were promised No room Many left and attacked whites and hunted

The Battle of the Little Big Horn: Gold was found in Montana; N.A areas N.A were forced out and did not leave General Custer attacked a group of N.A In minutes Custer and his men were all dead (Custer’s Last Stand) N.A eventually were forced into reservations

Questions What was the name of the most famous Cow Town in the West? What was the name used to label the Western part of the United States? General Custer went into Native Americans territory looking for gold and instead caused what to happen?  Native Americans were upset because they did not get what they were promised so they started hunting and attacking who? Native Americans were forced out of their land in Montana because what was found there? Who was the General that attacked a group of Native Americans because they would not leave Montana? When the U.S attacked the Native Americans it backfired and in minutes the U.S army were all dead, what was the name given to this battle?