Laboratory Safety Orientation (Lab. Standard 29 CFR 1910 Laboratory Safety Orientation (Lab. Standard 29 CFR 1910.1450) Prepared by: Mahjoub Labyad, MIS Public Health Specialist Environmental Health & Safety Office http://www.d.umn.edu/ehso 218-726-7139

Lab Standard US Code, Title 29 CFR 1910.1450 Occupational Exposures to Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories Enforced by OSHA In Minnesota, by Inspectors from the Dept. of Labor and Industry (MNOSHA)

Lab Standard Key Components Maintain Airborne Exposures Below Recognized Exposure Limits. Prevent exposure through skin absorption or ingestion Maintain fume hoods and other control devices. Employee information and training

Lab Standard Key Components (Cont.) SOP’s for certain hazardous chemicals Required approval for extremely hazardous chemicals Medical consultation and exam of exposed workers

Recognized Airborne Chemical Exposure Limits OSHA (Legally Enforceable) Action Level PEL’s (Permissible Exposure Limit) 8 hr TWA 15 min STEL Ceiling

Control of Airborne Chemicals Chemical Substitution of highly toxics Use small quantities of chemicals Careful work procedures Work inside fume hoods (Volatile substances) Use of glove boxes (Highly toxic, carcinogens, or pyrophoric) Use of PPE (Respiratory protection) As a last resort – (too many special requirements)

Prevention of Skin Absorption Substitution hazardous for less hazardous chemical Careful work procedures Use of appropriate PPE gloves Use of other PPE (lab coat, face & eye protection, etc)

Prevention of Inadvertent Ingestion Personal hygiene (wash hands and face) Proper use of gloves No eating or drinking in labs Proper labeling of all containers Use a lab coat to protect personal clothing

(check out Fume hood SOP handout) Fume Hoods Management Checked annually by EHS Office Maintained by Facilities Management Magnehelic gauges Vertical and horizontal sashes Sash locks Limit clutter, do not block vent openings (check out Fume hood SOP handout)

SOP’s Requirements Safety and health considerations when working withHazardous chemicals Toxic hazard Fire or explosion hazard Reactivity hazard When working with hazardous equipment Safety precautions should be written into SOP protocol

Information and Training Contents and availability of lab Safety Plan (LSP) Signs and symptoms of exposure to chemicals Location of MSDS file and how to access individual MSDS’s

Information and Training How to detect presence or release of chemicals in lab, Physical and health hazards of chemicals Measure to take to protect from exposure to chemicals in the lab, General and research specific safety procedures and SOP’s for working in the lab.

Additional Protection Required when working with: Select carcinogens, reproductive toxins, substances with high degree of acute toxicity Provisions required: Designated area Containment devices (fume hood, glove box) Procedures for safe removal of waste Decontamination procedures

Medical Consultation & Examination Required whenever: Worker develops signs or symptoms of exposure to a hazardous chemical Spill, leak, or explosion results in likely worker exposure Exposure monitoring routinely above action level for an OSHA regulated substance requiring medical monitoring

Medical Consultation & Examination Info to Physician Identity of chemical (include MSDS) Description of conditions of exposure Signs and symptoms being experienced Physician’ s Written Opinion Recommendation for medical follow-up Results of medical exam and tests Employee informed of results of exam

Key Information on MSDS’s Identification of substance & manufacturer Physical and chemical properties Acute and chronic health hazards including any exposure limits Signs and symptoms of exposure Fire, explosion, and reactivity hazards Safety precautions when using or storing chemicals

Review of Specific Chemical Hazards in Laboratory Type of Hazard Health, Fire, Explosive, Corrosive Chemical, Physical, Biological, Radiological Methods of exposure & hazard control Emergency response actions

Physical Hazards in Laboratories Glassware and sharps Tripping hazards Pressure/vacuum generating processes Hot processes Electrical hazards

Other Hazards Biological Radioactive Viral/bacterial agents,Mold spores Blood products Needles & Syringes Radioactive Radio-isotopes, Sealed radiation sources X-rays Lasers

Review of Laboratory Layout Location & operation of fume hoods Chemical storage plan/area Location of personal protective equipment Location & operation of emergency response equipment

Operation of Fume Hoods Magnehelic gauges and how to check if hood is operating properly, Use of vertical and horizontal hood sashes & locks, Work 8” to 10” inside hood to contain airborne contaminants, Do not block exhaust vents or clutter inside of hood with excess stored chemicals.

Chemical Storage Plan Flammable storage cabinets Other designated flammable and combustible liquid storage Acid storage Oxidizer storage Chemical waste storage Radio-isotope stock and waste storage

Chemical Container Labeling Original container labels should not be defaced, Required label information: Complete name of chemical s(no abbreviations) Date of preparation Initials of preparer Hazard warnings, Assume dilutions have same hazards as concentrated material.

Personal Protective Equipment Laboratory coats or aprons Chemical resistant gloves Chemical splash goggles & face shields Disposable face masks & respirators Ear plugs or muffs for noisy environment

Emergency Use Equipment Fire Extinguisher Eye Wash/Deluge Shower First Aid Supplies Chemical Spill Cleanup Supplies Emergency Call List

Emergency Procedures Fire or fire alarm Chemical spill Biological or radiological spill Chemical exposure incident Personal Injury

Fire or Fire Alarm Fire Alarm Leave building immediately via nearest exit Fire in lab Remove/relocate anyone in danger, Activate building fire alarm, Confine/contain fire by shutting door, Extinguish fire only if small and trained to use extinguisher, otherwise evacuate.

Chemical Spill Leave spill area, Alert neighbors, Block off entrances to lab, prevent anyone from entering, Report to EHS office at 7273 For more detailed information, consult the chemical spill response guide at www.d.umn.edu/ehso

Radioactive Material Spill Inform others and restrict from area, Use GM instrument to survey self and others who may be contaminated, Remove all contaminated clothing, Call EHS office at 7273 Do not attempt to clean up spill, wait for EHS personnel, Consult the Radiation protection page at www.d.umn.edu/ehso/radiation for more detailed information.

Biohazard Material Spill Notify all other lab workers, Restrict access to spill area, Remove contaminated clothing, place in autoclave bag, Call EHS office at 7273 Consult the Biological safety page at www.d.umn.edu/ehso/biosafety for more detailed information.

Chemical Exposure Incident Immediately flush affected area with eyewash or deluge shower, Flush affected area for 15 minutes, Remove clothing splashed by spill, Relocate to fresh air and check for breathing and pulse, Transport to emergency services with copy of MSDS for treating physician.

Personal Injury Administer first aid, Transport to emergency services, Call 911 for serious injuries, Complete “Employee Incident Report” form within 24 hours, Supervisors must complete a “Supervisor Incident Investigation Report” within 48 hours.

Experiment Planning Risk Assessment What are the potential hazards? What could go wrong? What will you do if it does? How can risk be minimized?

Potential Hazards? Chemical exposures Acute and chronic health effects Exposure limits, volatility, particle size Amounts used, how handled Process flow Skin and eye contact hazard Corrosive/caustic, pH, water reactive Absorbs through skin

Potential Hazards (Cont.) Physical Energy Hazards Noise (>85 dBA) Heat stress (physical demand, humidity, dry bulb temp, solar gain) Cold (Wind, dampness, dry bulb temp) Radiation hazard Ionizing Non-ionizing

Potential Hazards (Cont.) Fire & Explosion Hazards Flammable vs combustible liquid Reactive with air, water, other chems Chemical and physical properties Flash point, vapor pressure, LEL & UEL Boiling point

Potential Hazards (Cont.) Physical Hazards Vacuum/Pressure Heat producing reactions Heating elements Electrical hazards Tripping hazards Lifting hazards Pinch points Others

What Could go Wrong? Fire or explosion Chemical spill Runaway reaction Personal injury Chemical exposure Rad or bio exposure

Emergency Preparedness Trained in use of fire extinguisher and fire emergency response procedures, Trained in 1st aid and/or CPR, Trained in response to chemical, biological and radiological spills Trained in response to chemical exposure incidents.

Risk Minimization Micro scale experiments, Substitution of hazardous substances, Use of containment devices (fume hood, glovebox, designated area), Safe work practices and procedures, Safety SOP’s, Trained workers, Use of appropriate ppe.

Observe General Lab Safety Rules No food or drink in labs, No shorts or open toed shoes, Never throw broken glass or sharps in regular trash, Never throw any chemical down a drain, Do not touch areas marked “radioactive”, Never clean up or touch a puddle on floor unless it is obviously water.

General Lab Safety Rules Do not touch items on lab benches or in fume hood. Ask the person who works with them to move them to a safe location, Always read and observe signs/labels “Danger-high voltage”, “poison”, “flammable”, “oxidizer”, “corrosive”, “Radioactive”.

General Lab Safety Rules If an item is knocked over or there seems to be a problem with materials or equipment (noise, smell, heat, odd odor, etc) report it to your supervisor, Lab Safety Officer, or the EHS office. Use 911 as necessary.

Avoidance of Routine Exposures Develop safe habits, Avoid unnecessary exposure to chemicals by any route, Do not smell or taste chemicals, Inspect gloves and make sure they are correct polymer for the chemical being used, Eliminate or minimize release of toxic substances into air.

Working Alone Avoid working alone in labs when using hazardous chemicals or processes, Use a buddy system or, Notify someone in the facility if you must work alone.

Hazardous Waste Follow procedures the Hazardous Waste Management website, Label all containers appropriately, use start/end dates, Keep all containers closed, Properly store and separate containers, Package by hazardous class, Prepare and sign waste disposal form.

End Please Work Safely!