Brainstorming Solutions Today you will be using your engineering notebook and your Note taking notebook. Brainstorming Solutions

Learning Objectives Understand Brainstorming By the end of today’s discussion you should be able to discuss the following using your notes. Learning Objectives Understand Brainstorming Be able to apply the Rules for Brainstorming Implement at least one Brainstorming Techniques Be able to avoid Concept Generation Dysfunctions Have strategies to implement ‘If I Get Stuck . . .’ Use these techniques in a team to improve an existing product.

Presentation Name Course Name Unit # – Lesson #.# – Lesson Name Brainstorming A group technique for solving problems, generating ideas, stimulating creative thinking, etc. It involves collecting ideas without regard to feasibility. Brainstorming is a way to generate a large quantity of ideas to solve a problem. Several different techniques are used during brainstorming. Brainstorming can be done individually or in groups. It can be structured or free form. It can be timed or untimed. The following slides present a few techniques that you can try when brainstorming possible solutions to a problem.

Rules for Brainstorming Important!! No criticism allowed Work for quantity Welcome piling-on Allow free-for-all

Rules for Brainstorming Introduction to Engineering DesignTM Unit 1 – Lesson 1.1 – Introduction to Design Process No Criticism Allowed People automatically tend to evaluate each suggested idea - their own, as well as others Allow all members to contribute Reiterate the need to avoid criticism. Often times if this happens, not everyone in the group will share their ideas with the rest of the group. Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007

High Quantity Brainstorming Rules for Brainstorming Introduction to Engineering DesignTM Unit 1 – Lesson 1.1 – Introduction to Design Process High Quantity Brainstorming People must experience “brain-drain” before the innovative, creative ideas can surface. Therefore, the more ideas, the more likely quality ideas will surface. Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007

Rules for Brainstorming Introduction to Engineering DesignTM Unit 1 – Lesson 1.1 – Introduction to Design Process Welcome Piling-On Piling-on occurs when a member’s idea produces a similar idea or an enhanced idea. All ideas should be recorded. Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007

Rules for Brainstorming Introduction to Engineering DesignTM Unit 1 – Lesson 1.1 – Introduction to Design Process Allow Free-for-All Outrageous, humorous, and seemingly unimportant ideas should be recorded. It is possible for the most off-the-wall idea to be one wherein lies the solution for the problem. The sky is the limit. Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007

Free Form Brainstreaming Post-It Notes Free writing “Blurting out”

Brainstorming Techniques Presentation Name Course Name Unit # – Lesson #.# – Lesson Name Brainstorming Techniques Forced Association Ideas created by mentally forcing the association of two seemingly unrelated items Johan Gutenberg Wine press + coin stamp = Moveable type press Create ideas by choosing a seemingly unrelated object and forcing yourself to somehow combine the two ideas. For example, let’s say that you are brainstorming ideas to eliminate speeding on freeways. Choose a provocative stimulus that seems unrelated, such as a cell phone. Now think of ways that a cell phone could help you solve the problem. Maybe you could offer rewards for people who report speeders using their cell phones. Maybe you could use the GPS capabilities of the phones to track car speeds. Maybe . . .

Brainstorming Techniques Presentation Name Course Name Unit # – Lesson #.# – Lesson Name Brainstorming Techniques SCAMMPERR S Substitute something . . . C Combine it with something else . . . A Adapt something to it . . . M Magnify or add to it . . . Modify it . . . P Put it to some other use . . . E Eliminate something . . . R Rearrange it . . . Reverse it . . . Michael Michalko, the author of Cracking Creativity, suggests a more structured approach to brainstorming. In the SCAMMPERR technique, you start with a current solution that somehow addresses the problem that you are investigating. Then try to generate new and different ideas or approaches by using each of the principles listed. For example, if you are trying to design a single-person motor vehicle to be used in a heavily congested urban environment, start with a moped. Substitute something – perhaps substitute the large front wheel with a small wheel. Combine it with something else – maybe combine the moped with a shopping cart.

Mind Mapping Major Idea Major Idea Main Idea Major Idea Major Idea Presentation Name Course Name Unit # – Lesson #.# – Lesson Name Mind Mapping Major Idea Major Idea Main Idea Major Idea Major Idea A mind map is a graphical representation that can be used to generate, visualize, and organize ideas to solve a problem. The ideas are arranged in a branching fashion according to relative importance, with the major ideas branching directly from the center main idea. Other ideas that are triggered by or related to the major ideas are then connected to major ideas. Colors are often used to distinguish between major ideas. [click] Additional connections can also be added to indicate relationships among different elements. Major Idea

Mind Mapping This mind map illustrates ways to help solve global warming.

Brainstorming Documentation All ideas should be captured Have a note taker Take photographs Compile ideas after the session Project Date Team Take good notes. Record all ideas.

Concept Generation Dysfunctions Utilizing a poor design brief Assuming there is only ONE right answer Getting hooked on the FIRST solution Considering the ideas from only one or two team members

Concept Generation Dysfunctions Feeling too anxious to finish Becoming frustrated by the lack of success Getting hooked on a solution that almost works

If You Get Stuck . . . Combine promising partial solutions Try a different brainstorming technique Try both individual and group brainstorming Do some more research Consider concepts used by other designs Consider concepts employed in unrelated products

Brainstorming Solutions Describe these to your neighbors. You can use your notes. Brainstorming Rules for Brainstorming Brainstorming Techniques Concept Generation Dysfunctions If You Get Stuck . . .

Image Sources Microsoft, Inc. (2008). Clip art. Retrieved from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/clipart/default.aspx

Applying Brainstorming in Product Development Procedure Document in your Engineering Notebook. Label the first page “1.4 Stapler Product Improvement”. This activity is designed to provide an introduction to design. As a team of two, you will brainstorm ways to enhance or change a stapler so that nearly every consumer would want to purchase it. Remember to apply the rules for brainstorming that were identified in the PowerPoint during this activity.

Schedule Assign a recorder and a speaker for your group. Brainstorm for five minutes with your team to identify enhancements or changes that you would make to the item. The recorder will make a list of all ideas mentioned in your engineering notebook. Changes or enhancements could be anything; you are not limited by cost. After five minutes, select ideas to enhance or change the item from the brainstorming list. (Both notebooks) For the next ten minutes, each member of the team will develop and sketch a potential change or enhancement to your product. (Both notebooks) Your team will take five additional minutes to develop a justification for each potential change to the item. (Both notebooks) Your team speaker will present your changes to the class. (In 30 seconds or less elevator pitch)

What factors must be considered when changing or enhancing a design? 1.4 Conclusion: Answer the following using complete sentences in your Engineering Journal What factors must be considered when changing or enhancing a design? Why it is important to document the brainstorming process? What is the purpose of sketching your ideas? What effective or ineffective techniques did the group speaker use to communicate your idea to the class?