The Nation Breaks Apart

I can explain the major events that led to the Civil War. Learning Target I can explain the major events that led to the Civil War.

Underground Railroad What was the Underground Railroad and how did it work? Who were some famous people who helped on the Underground Railroad? Why was it needed?

Compromise of 1850 Popular sovereignty Who wrote the compromise? What happened to California under the plan? What happened to the slave trade in Washington, D.C. What was popular sovereignty? What was to happen in the Utah and New Mexico Territories? **don’t worry about the Fugitive Slave Act** Popular sovereignty

New Fugitive Slave Act - 1850 What did the law require people to do? What was the punishment for not following the law? How were judges persuaded to help Southern slave owners?

Uncle Tom’s Cabin - 1852 Who wrote the book and when? What was the importance of the book? How many copies did it sell? What is the basic story in the book?

Kansas-Nebraska Act - 1854 Who wrote the Kansas-Nebraska Act? What did the act propose? What did this act do with the Missouri Compromise? Did the act pass or not? What was popular sovereignty?

Charles Sumner – Preston Brooks Incident, 1856 Who was Charles Sumner? Why was Preston Brooks upset with Charles Sumner? What did Brooks do to Sumner? Why is this surprising? How did Americans react to the incident?

Bleeding Kansas – 1854-1860 What was popular sovereignty? What happened during Kansas’ election in 1855? Who was fighting and why? How many people died? What were Jay Hawkers?

Pottawatomie Massacre - 1856 Who was involved in the massacre? What happened during the massacre? Why did they do what they did?

Dred Scott v. Sandford - 1857 Who was Dred Scott? Who was he suing and why? What was the result?

Supreme Court made important decisions 1) People of African decent are not protected by the Constitution 2) Congress had no right to restrict slavery in territories because slaves were not citizens 3) Slaves were property and could not be taken away without due process Roger B. Taney – “they had no rights which the white man was bound to respect” – referring to African-Americans

Lincoln – Douglas Debates - 1858 How many debates were there? Why were they debating? Stephen Douglas running for re-election against Abraham Lincoln Finish the quote by Lincoln – “A house divided against itself …” Who wins the election? “A house divided against itself …”

John Brown’s Raid on Harpers’ Ferry - 1859 How many people were involved in the raid? What was the purpose of the raid? Why did John Brown focus on Harpers’ Ferry, Virginia? How successful was the raid?

John Brown’s execution What was John Brown convicted of? When was he executed? What were his last words? How did Americans react to John Brown’s execution?

Election of 1860 Abraham Lincoln - Republican Stephen Douglas – Northern Democrats John Bell – Constitutional Union John Breckinridge – Southern Democrats

Who was running? Why did the Democratic party split? What were the major issues? What was the result of the election?

South Carolina secedes on December 20, 1860 What does secede mean? What reasons did South Carolina have for seceding? What was the name of the new country South Carolina formed with Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas? What was the capital of this new country? What new states were added between April 17 – May 20, 1861? Where was the capital moved to?

Flags of the Confederate States of America

Confederate Battle Flags First flag – too often thought of as a surrender flag Second flag – red line added Third flag – got rid of white part of flag