Muscular System

Anterior muscle attachment & Actions

“Origin and insertion" Origin – where the fixed end of the muscle attaches to the bone (cartilage or connective tissue) Insertion – where the movable end of the muscle attaches to another structure

Origin: Temporal Bone Insertion: Mandible Movement (Action): Temporalis Origin: Temporal Bone Insertion: Mandible Movement (Action): Closes Jaw

Origin: Frontal Bone and Maxilla Orbicularis Oculi Origin: Frontal Bone and Maxilla Insertion: Tissue around the eye Movement (Action): Blinks and Closes Eyes

Origin: Mandible and Maxilla Orbicularis Oris Origin: Mandible and Maxilla Insertion: Skin and muscles around the mouth Movement (Action): Closes and protrudes lips

Sternocleidomastoid Origin: sternum and clavicle Insertion: mastoid process of temporal bone Movement: flex and laterally rotates neck

Pectoralis major Origin: sternum and clavicle Insertion: humerus Movement: flexes shoulder, medially rotates arm, adducts arm

Deltoid Origin: clavicle, scapula Insertion: humerus Movement: flexion, abduction, extension of shoulder

External oblique Origin: ribs Insertion: pelvis (ilium) Movement: flexion at the hips and spine

Biceps Brachii Origin: scapula Insertion: radius Movement: forearm flexion and supination

Triceps Brachii Origin: scapula and humerus Insertion: ulna Movement: extends forearm

Latissimus Dorsi Origin: thoracic vertebra, ribs, pelvis Insertion: humerus Movement: extends, adducts, medially rotates shoulder

Quadriceps femoris Origin: pelvis, femur Insertion: patella and tibia Movement: extends knee, flexes hip

hamstrings Origin: pelvis Insertion: tibia and fibula Movement: extends hip, flexes knee, medially and laterally rotates leg

“Naming muscles” 1. )Number of Origins: (the end of the muscles that does not move) Biceps: 2 origins Triceps: 3 origins Quadriceps: 4 origins

2. Direction of muscle fibers Rectus: muscles are parallel to the body Transverse: muscles are perpendicular to the body Oblique: muscles are at an angle to the body

3. SHape Deltoid: delta shape Trapezius: trapezoid shape Orbicularis oculi: circular Serratus Anterior: “saw toothed” Teres major: long and round

4. Location- based on the location Zygomaticus major: zygomatic bone Frontalis: frontal bone Orbicularis “Oculi”: eye Temporalis: temporal bone

5. Origin & Insertion Sternocleidomastoid The muscles is has the name of the place it begins (origin) and the place it inserts (insertion) in its name. Sternocleidomastoid Sterno= sternum Cleido= clavicle Mastoid= mastoid process of temporal bone

6. size Maximus: large muscle Gluteus Maximus Medius: moderate size Gluteus Medius Minimus: small muscle Gluteus Minimus Longus: long muscle Extensor Digitorum Longus Brevis: short muscle Extensor Digitorum Brevis

7. Action The movement that occurs when the muscle contracts. Adductor Longus Abductor Digiti Minimi Extensor Digitorum Flexor Digitorum