Review: Geography of Rome

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Presentation transcript:

Review: Geography of Rome Rome is located on the peninsula of Italy. The Mediterranean Sea provides transportation and food. The Alps provided protection. Italy provided fertile plains and river valleys for food and easy communication.

Review: Roman Religion Romans were polytheistic, believing in many gods and spirits. Knowledge of the Greek Gods filtered into Roman culture. The Greek God Zeus became the almighty Roman God Jupiter. The Greek Goddess Hera became the Roman Goddess Juno.

The first Roman Government: The Republic

Rome’s republic was shaped by a struggle between wealthy nobles and regular citizens. Vs Plebeians Patricians

Males were considered citizens Could serve in government positions Patricians Plebeians Wealthy Landowners Males were considered citizens Could serve in government positions Held military and religious positions Low Class (workers) Males were considered citizens 95% of people Could not serve in Government positions Forced to serve in the army

Slaves Often were captured from defeated peoples in war No political rights Not citizens Slavery not based on race

The Roman Republic Rome was founded about 509 BCE. Romans founded a new type of government called a republic. In a republic people chose officials to represent them. How was this different from Greek democracy?

Senate The highest form of government in Rome was the Senate. Made up of 300 Patricians Controlled finances and foreign relations Advised the consuls Roman Forum http://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/ancient-rome/videos/evolution-of-the-roman-forum?m=528e394da93ae&s=undefined&f=1&free=false

Consuls Two Consuls elected by the Assembly Ran the government and commanded the army 1 year terms Each could veto each other’s decisions Veto: Latin for “I forbid!” Patricians ONLY!

Century Assembly Patricians Only Elected the Consuls Voted on laws

Praetors Interpret laws and act as judges Patricians only

Plebian Strike 494 BCE The Plebeians are tired of not being able to hold public office Left the city and went to another hill outside of Rome, refusing to work

Patricians give In to Plebian Demands 471 BCE Patrician senators agree to let the Plebeians have a Council of the Plebs

Positive Characteristics Negative Characteristics Law Code 451 BCE Twelve Tables are written Positive Characteristics Negative Characteristics